Compounds Flashcards

(11 cards)

0
Q

Head noun + verb (+object) attribute

e.g

ice

lesson

driver

washing machine

A

น้ำแข็ง
nám-kɛ̌ng
(ice-to be hard)

บทเรียน
bòt-riian
(text-to study)

คนขับรถ
kon-kàp-rót
(person-to drive-car)

เครื่องซักผ้า
krʉ̂ʉang-sák-pâa
(machine-to wash-clothes)

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1
Q

Head noun + noun attribute

e.g

train

restaurant

electrician

A

รถไฟ
rót-fai
(vehicle-fire)

ร้านอาหาร
ráan-aa-hǎan
(shop-food)

ช่างไฟฟ้า
châng-fai-fáa
(mechanic-electricity)

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2
Q

nák (one skilled in….) + verb or noun

e.g

student

writer

journalist

A

นักศึกษา
nák-sʉ̀k-sǎa
(one skilled in-to study)

นักเขียน
nák-kǐian
(one skilled in-to write)

นักหนังสือพิมพ์
nák-nǎng~sʉ̌ʉ-pim
(one skilled in-newspaper)

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3
Q

pûu (one who….) + verb

(except for the nouns man & women)

e.g

adult

expert

criminal

A

ผู้ใหญ่
pûu-yài
(one who-to be big)

ผู้เชี่ยวชาญ
pûu-chîiao-chaan
(one who-to be skilled)

ผู้ร้าย
pûu-ráai
(one who-to be bad)

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4
Q

bai (a sheet of paper) + verb

e.g

guarantee

contract

receipt

A

ใบรับรอง
bai-ráp-rɔɔng
(sheet of paper-to guarantee)

ใบสัญญา
bai-sǎn-yaa
(sheet of paper-to promise)

ใบเสร็จรับเงิน
bai-sèt-ráp-ngən
(sheet of paper-to finish-receive-money)

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5
Q

roong (a large building) + noun or verb

garage

factory

cinema

A

โรงรถ
roong-rót
(large building-car)

โรงงาน
roong-ngaan
(large building-work)

โรงหนัง
roong-nǎng
(large building-film/movie)

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6
Q

gaan (matters of….) + noun

or

gaan (act of….) + verb

homework

finance

politics

education

assistance

travel

A

การบ้าน
gaan-bâan
(matters of…-home)

การเงิน
gaan-ngən
(matters of…-money)

การเมือง
gaan-mʉʉang
(matters of…-country)

การศึกษา
gaan-sʉ̀k-sǎa
(act of…-to study)

การช่วยเหลือ
gaan-chûuai-lʉ̌ʉa
(act of…-to assist)

การเดินทาง
gaan-dəən-taang
(act of…-to travel)

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7
Q

kwaam (used to form abstract nouns) + verb

love

knowledge

idea, thought

success

happiness

A

ความรัก
kwaam-rák
(to love)

ความรู้
kwaam-rúu
(to know)

ความคิด
kwaam-kít
(to think)

ความสำเร็จ
kwaam-sǎm-rèt
(to complete)

ความสุข
kwaam-sùk
(to be happy)

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8
Q

tîi (person whom one…/place where…/thing which…) + verb

adviser

darling

seat

car park

paper punch

bottle opener

A

ที่ปรึกษา
tîi-bprʉ̀k-sǎa
(person whom one-to consult)

ที่รัก
tîi-rák
(person whom one-to love)

ที่นั่ง
tîi-nâng
(place where-to sit)

ที่จอดรถ
tîi-jɔ̀ɔt-rót
(place where-to park-car)

ท่ีเจาะกระดาษ
tîi-jɔ̀-grà~dàat
(thing which-to puncture/pierce-paper)

ที่เปิดขวด
tîi-bpə̀ət-kùuat
(thing which-to open-bottle)

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9
Q

co-ordinate compounds (two or more nouns occur together to make a new noun where the second noun doesn’t modify the first)

parents

brothers & sisters

clothes

A

พ่อแม่
pɔ̂ɔ-mɛ̂ɛ
(father-mother)

พี่น้อง
pîi-nɔ́ɔng
(older sibling-younger sibling)

เสื้อผ้า
sʉ̂ʉa-pâa
(upper garment-lower garment)

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10
Q

co-ordinate compounds involving a four syllable pattern (involving one or more of the following features: duplication of the first & third elements, internal rhyme, alliteration or insertion of a meaningless syllable to preserve the rhythm)

grandparents

farmers

mountain people

one’s own effort/labour

teachers

wats/temples

A

ปู่ย่าตายาย
bpùu-yâa-dtaa-yaai
(paternal grandfather-paternal grandmother-maternal grandfather-maternal grandmother)

ชาวไร่ชาวนา
chaao-râi-chaao-naa
(people-dry rice field-people-wet rice field)

ชาวเขาชาวดอย
chaao-kǎo-chaao-dɔɔi
(people-hill-people-mountain)

น้ำพักน้ำแรง
náam-pák-náam-rɛɛng
(water-rest-water-energy)

ครูบาอาจารย์
kruu-baa-aa-jaan
(teacher-rhyming nonsense syllable-teacher)

วัดวาอาราม
wát-waa-aa-raam
(temple-alliterative/rhyming nonsense syllable-temple buildings)

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