Compounds and whatever Flashcards
(19 cards)
Law of definite proportiond
Two compounds are the same if they have:
- Identical (w/sf) percent composition
- Identical (w/sf) mass ratio
Law of mutiple porportions
If two compounds are different but contain the same elements, their mass ratio will be small, whole number ratios to each other
EX: 2 to 1, 3 to 2, 1 to 3
Finding percent composition
Mass of element divided by the total mass multiplied by one hundred
Avogadros law
The volume of the gas is dependent on the number of particles rather than the mass. He concluded that equal volumes of gas under the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of particles
Mixture
A physical combination of two or more substances where each keeps its unique physical properties
Hetergeneous
Mixture on a large particles level where differences can be seen between components
Homogenous
Mixture on a small particle level where differences cannot be seen between component
Pure substance
A substance where every particle is identical
Compound
Particles composed of more than one type of atom bonded together
Element
Particles composed of the same type of atom throughout
Molecule
Particle composed of more than one atom bonded together
Atom
Particle that cannot be broken down any further
Particle pictures
Draw particles showing differences
Bonded atoms touching
Color or design differences for different particles
Dif between compound and element
Compound has to have more than one type of atom bonded together. AN element only has one type of element and may or may not contain chemical bondsq
Dif between mixture and pure substance
Mixture: dif particles have dif identities and retain their own chem and physical properties
Pure substance: Every particle is identical with the same physical and chemical properties
Describe the two dif types of mixtures
Heterogenous- have particles large enough to be seen and you can see the dif between components
Homogenous- Mixed on an extremely small particle level where the mixture appears the same throughout
How to separate mixtures
- Magnetic (magnetic components to nonmagnetic)
- Filtration- (Solid from liquid by passing it through filter paper)
- Evaporation (liquid is boiled away leaving previously dissolved solids behind)
How to separate compounds
Chemical compounds require chemical means to separate them
- Electrolysis (using electricity to separate a compound such as water going to hydrogen and oxygen)
- Thermal decomposition (using heat to break chemical bonds to separate compounds)
Mixture vs compound
In the mixture the two dif substances are occupying the same space and surrounding each other. They are close but not bonded. In the compound they are bonded and forma solid with a repeating pattern
