comprehensive

Question 1

endocrine system coordinates with _ to integrate activity of body cells

Answer 1

nervous system

Question 2

_ glands produce hormones but have no ducts

Answer 2

endocrine

Question 3

_ hormones involve amino acid derivatives, peptides, and proteins

Answer 3

amino acid-based

Question 4

_ hormones are synthesized from cholesterol; gonadal and adrenocortical hromones

Answer 4

steroid

Question 5

_ alter plasma membrane permeability, stimulate enzyme synthesis, induce secretion, stimulate mitosis

Answer 5

hormones

Question 6

hormone action depends on _ nature and _ location

Answer 6

chemical; receptor

Question 7

_ hormones have extracellular [plasma membrane] receptors; act via G protein second messenger

Answer 7

water-soluble

Question 8

_ hormones have intracellular receptors that directly activate genes

Answer 8

lipid-soluble

Question 9

second messengers include _ and _

Answer 9

cAMP; PIP2-Ca

Question 10

_ signs are polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia

Answer 10

diabetes mellitus

Question 11

type 1 DM = _ of insulin; type 2 DM = _ of insulin

Answer 11

hyposecretion; hypoactivity

Question 12

pituitary gland is connected to hypothalamus via _

Answer 12

infundibulum

Question 13

_ is directly involved with metabolism (glucose sparing), and indirectly promotes growth

Answer 13

growth hormone (GH)

Question 14

_ involves gamete (egg-sperm) production

Answer 14

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 15

_ involves gonadal hormone production which mature egg follicles, triggers ovulation, triggers progesterone-estrogen release or trigger testosterone release

Answer 15

luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 16

_ stimulates uterine contraction, milk ejection

Answer 16

oxytocin

Question 17

_ stimulates water reabsorption in kidneys

Answer 17

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 18

_ is most active during pre-pubescence to allow T cells to mature

Answer 18

thymus

Question 19

blood pH is between 7.35-7.45 so it is _

Answer 19

slightly alkaline

Question 20

_ is composed of plasma and formed elements (RBC, WBC, platelets)

Answer 20

blood

Question 21

_ (biconcave disks and no organelles) huge surface area relative to volume for gas exchange; respiratory gas transport

Answer 21

erythrocytes (RBC)

Question 22

_ (less than 1% blood) involve defense against disease

Answer 22

leukocytes (WBC)

Question 23

_ (cell fragments of megakaryotes) are involved in blood clotting

Answer 23

platelets

Question 24

blood type _ has A antigen and B antibody

Answer 24

A

Question 25

blood type _ has B antigen and A antibody

Answer 25

B

Question 26

blood type _ has A and B antigens (no antibodies)

Answer 26

AB

Question 27

blood type _ has no antigens (A and B antibodies)

Answer 27

O

Question 28

_ is blood cell production in red bone marrow

Answer 28

hematopoiesis

Question 29

_ (creates all formed elements) --> proerythroblast --> basophilic erythroblast --> polychromatic erythroblast --> orthochromatic erythroblast --> reticulocyte --> erythrocyte

Answer 29

hematopoietic stem cell (hemocytoblast)

Question 30

_ produces hormone that regulates RBC production

Answer 30

kidney

Question 31

_ is contraction; _ is relaxation

Answer 31

systole; diastole

Question 32

heart makes _ sound when atrioventricular valves close and _ sound when semilunar valves close

Answer 32

lub; dup

Question 33

_ circuit (right side) receives oxygenated blood from tissues; _ circuit (left side)receives oxygenated blood from lungs

Answer 33

pulmonary; systemic

Question 34

_ circulation is functional blood supply to myocardium

Answer 34

coronary

Question 35

_ is affected by chronotropic factors, autonomic nervous system, chemicals, and life factors

Answer 35

heart rate

Question 36

_ function in exchange of gases, nutrients, hormones, and more

Answer 36

capillaries

Question 37

_ (measured in arteries) maintained by heart and kidneys

Answer 37

blood pressure

Question 38

_ affected by elasticity, blood volume, pressure

Answer 38

blood pressure

Question 39

_ is difference between diastolic and systolic pressures

Answer 39

pulse pressure

Question 40

_ (maturation) of lymphocytes can occur in thymus or bone marrow

Answer 40

immunocompetence

Question 41

_ mature in bone marrow; _ mature in thymus

Answer 41

B cells; T cells

Question 42

_ produced by B cells secrete antibodies

Answer 42

plasma cells

Question 43

_ mark antigens for destruction by phagocytes

Answer 43

antibodies

Question 44

_ returns fluids back to blood, is structural basis of immune system, houses phagocytes

Answer 44

lymphatic system

Question 45

_ is a fluid that can contain protein, mineral, fat, nutrients, damaged cells, cancer cells, foreign invaders

Answer 45

lymph

Question 46

_ is a functional system that provides disease resistance

Answer 46

immune system

Question 47

_ immune system has the first and second lines of defense

Answer 47

innate (nonspecific)

Question 48

_ immune system has the third line of defense

Answer 48

adaptive (specific)

Question 49

_ (borrowed immunity) is when antibodies are introduced into the body

Answer 49

passive humoral immunity

Question 50

_ involves (1) inflammatory chemical release (2) vasodilation (3) phagocyte mobilization

Answer 50

inflammatory response

Question 51

_ is first to peak during primary immune response

Answer 51

IgM

Question 52

_ protects mucosal barriers

Answer 52

IgA

Question 53

_ is a B cell receptor

Answer 53

IgD

Question 54

_ is main antibody of [late] primary and secondary immune response

Answer 54

IgG

Question 55

_ is involved in allergies

Answer 55

IgE

Question 56

_ (first exposure to antigen) has lag period, peaks at day 10

Answer 56

primary immune response

Question 57

_ supplies oxygen for aerobic respiration; removes-disposes carbon dioxide

Answer 57

respiratory system

Question 58

_ (breathing) movement of air in and out of the lungs

Answer 58

pulmonary ventilation

Question 59

_ is gas exchange between blood and air filled chambers of lungs

Answer 59

external respiration

Question 60

_ involves movement of gasses within the body, paired with circulatory system

Answer 60

transport of respiratory gasses

Question 61

_ is exchange of gasses between blood and tissues

Answer 61

internal respiration

Question 62

in respiratory mucosa, _ secrete mucin and _ secrete enzymes

Answer 62

goblet cells; serous cells