COMPREHENSIVE EXAM Flashcards by Medicine Files

Fix and follow months?

3 months

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delayed tooth eruption months?

12 months

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child can ride tricycle at?

3 yrs old

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Screening of autism months?

18-24 months

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18 months - how many body parts can a child point to?

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Vaccination against this disease is one of the key steps in prevention of blindness among Filipino children:

A. Chicken pox

B. Japanese B

C. Hepatitis B

D. Measles

E. Mumps

D. Measles

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A child who is 5 years of age is expected to have visual acuity using the LEA symbols.
A. 20/50
B. 20/40
C. 20/30
D. 20/20
E. 20/10

C. 20/30

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Vit. A at a dose of 100,000 IU may be given anytime between 6-11 months but is usually given at the age of?

9 months

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This sexually transmitted disease is caused by Treponema pallidum is also called the great imitator.

A. Syphilis

B. Gonorrhea

C. Chlamydia

D. Trichomoniasis

Syphillis

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Even very young children show early signs of winning concerns. Half of mental health disorders show first signs before a person turns how old?

A. 11 years

B. 12 years

C. 13 years

D. 14 years

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First baby diagnosed with spina bifida; mother wants to know how much folic acid she should take to prevent this from happening?

4 mg

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Appropriate behavioral strategy for healthy meal times include
A. Meal time is 1 hour

B. No food 1 hour before meal

C. Avoid distractions

D. Allow child to eat anything he/she wants

C. Avoid distractions

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In feeding toddlers and preschool children weight gain is important. At what age does the birth weight increase 4 times? (BW is 2.5-3kgs)
A. 1 year

B. 2 years

C. 3 years

D. 4 years

B. 2 years

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What kind of food is appropriate for an 11-month-old infant?

A. Cubed steak

B. Soft bread

C. Pasta

D. Pureed vegetable

B. Soft bread

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Breast milk left at room temp i.e., 27°C should be consumed within?
A. 1 hour

B. 2 hours

C. 3 hours

D. 4 hours

A. 1 hour

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Following are correct in comparing the contents of colostrum and mature milk EXCEPT:

A. Colostrum has higher lactose

B. Mature milk has higher fat content

C. Mature milk provides higher energy

D. Colostrum has higher protein

A. Colostrum has higher lactose

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As a physician who is advocate of breast feeding, you will recommend breastfeeding for 6 months because of the following benefits EXCEPT:

A. Higher lactose for brain development

B. Contains vitamins and minerals that are easily digestible

C. Protein is easily digested

D. Has palm oil for better gut absorption

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3-month-old infant, birth weight 3.4 kg and is exclusively breastfed. What is the expected weight? A. 5.2 kg (age in months x 0.6) + birth weight

A. 5.2 kg (age in months x 0.6) + birth weight

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The following maternal infections are contraindicated to breastfeeding EXCEPT?

A. HIV

B. Active TB

C. Hepatitis B

D. T-cell lymphocytic virus infection

HEP B

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The following maternal infections are contraindicated to breastfeeding EXCEPT?

A. HIV

B. Active TB

C. Hepatitis B

D. T-cell lymphocytic virus infection

HEP B

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The following maternal infections are contraindicated to breastfeeding EXCEPT?

A. HIV

B. Active TB

C. Hepatitis B

D. T-cell lymphocytic virus infection

C. Hepatitis B

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A 3-year-old appeared weak, not eating well and exhibited trouble walking. The family usually eats a regular diet including meats and vegetables. Tongue smooth, red, and tender. Pale, tachycardic, with macrocytic anemia.

A. Folate deficiency

B. Iron deficiency

C. Vitamin D deficiency

D. Vitamin B12 deficiency

D. Vitamin B12 deficiency - neurologic symptoms already present (trouble walking)

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2-year-old, with non-bloody, semi-formed stools. Weighs 8.1 kg, with dependent edema on the lower extremities, enlarged abdomen, palpable fluid wave, irregular areas of depigmentation and hyperpigmentation in hair (flag sign).

A. Kwashiorkor

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3-year-old child, 2-day history of vomiting and diarrhea, with mild dehydration but can tolerate oral hydration. What should be given as an adjunct to treatment?

A. Vitamin A x 2 doses

B. Zinc 10mg x 14 days

C. Zinc 20mg x 10-14 days

D. Vitamin C x 14 days

C. Zinc 20mg x 10-14 days

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What is the major risk period for growth stunting in infants and children?

A. 4 months to 2 years

4-year-old, weight for height Z-score <-3 SD, BMI <3, with bilateral pitting edema. Nutritional status?

A. Severe acute malnutrition

6-year-old with urticaria 20 mins after intake of fried egg. Mother gave diphenhydramine. Urticaria increased in number and patient developed vomiting and difficulty of breathing. BP 70/50, HR 125, temp 38°C, with angioedema, generalized urticaria, wheezing. A. Anaphylaxis B. Serum sickness C. Food allergy D. Bronchial asthma

A. Anaphylaxis

A boy was given anti-tetanus antitoxin as treatment for a puncture wound on his foot. 7 days later, the injection site became erythematous with rashes on surrounding areas. What type of hypersensitivity reaction is this? A. Type I B. Type II C. Type III D. Type IV

C. Type III Type I: reaction mediated by IgE antibodies. Type II: cytotoxic reaction mediated by IgG or IgM antibodies. Type III: reaction mediated by immune complexes. Type IV: delayed reaction mediated by cellular response.

The first form of allergy that affects infants and children? A. Ocular B. Cutaneous C. Respiratory D. Gastrointestinal

D. Gastrointestinal

Charlotte developed urticaria and angioedema 20 mins after intake of fried egg. Developed circumoral cyanosis and wheezing. You now plan to give IM epinephrine. Weight of 12 kg, how much epinephrine per dose?

0.12 mg

A 3-year-old diagnosed with asthma at age 2 has a checkup for his asthma severity. Mother claims he only has exacerbations once a week and he is not awakened at night. Takes salbutamol orally once a week and his symptoms resolve. What is the asthma classification? A. Intermittent B. Mild persistent C. Moderate persistent D. Chronic

A. Intermittent

A. Intermittent Mild intermittent - 2x a week Mild persistent - 2+ a week - interfere daily activities Moderate Intermittent - daily in 1+ at night per month - interfere daily activities severe persistent - daily with frequent night attacks - limited daily activities

A mother brings her infant for evaluation of diaper rash. Suffered from diarrhea last week and then developed the rash. She has been treating the rash with OTC zinc oxide with no improvement. A. Seborrheic dermatitis B. Candida dermatitis C. Tinea cruris D. Viral exanthem

B. Candida dermatitis

Superficial, tiny, papulovesicles on erythematous base, affect flexural areas of neck, axilla, groin. This results from blockage of sweat ducts. What is another term for prickly heat? A. Miliaria rubra

A. Miliaria rubra

Dewdrops on petals, multiple crops of vesicles on trunk and extremities, fever and occasional cough. What is your diagnosis? A. Varicella B. Rubella C. Rubeola D. Eczema herpeticum

A. Varicella

A patient came in due to 2-3 days of continuous fever, and then on the 3rd day he developed pink morbilliform eruptions. Later on, eruptions faded and fever also subsided. What is your diagnosis? A. Erythema infectiosum B. Roseola infantum C. Rubeola D. Rubella

B. Roseola infantum

A patient feels drowsy, severely dehydrated, respiratory distress, febrile T: 39.5°C, O 2 stat 89% with intercostal and subcostal retractions, chest X-ray showed interstitial infiltrates. What would be the management in this case?

A. Admit in the ICU and start IV antibiotics

Bilateral conjunctivitis, oropharyngeal injection, 4 days history of fever, dry lips, 5th day came in due to persistence of fever, irritability, maculopapular truncal rash, hand and foot edema, enlarged but nonsuppurative right anterior cervical lymph node. What is your diagnosis? A. Kawasaki B. SSS C. Dengue D. Hand foot and mouth disease

A. Kawasaki

This is the initial management in the management of skin and soft tissue infections with abscess. A. Cloxacillin B. Mupirocin C. Incision and drainage D. Clindamycin

C. Incision and drainage

A patient with leptospirosis can still harbor the organism for several weeks in his? A. Blood B. Urine C. Aqueous humor D. Stool

B. Urine

A patient came in with a complaint of honey colored crust for 3 days. He is febrile with cigarette butt burnlike lesions on both lower extremities and around the axilla. What is the treatment of choice? A. Oral cloxacillin B. Penicillin IV C. Mupirocin topical D. Sulfadiazine topical

A. Oral cloxacillin

A 6 years old loves to play in the river near his house. You suspect typhoid. What is the best laboratory test to confirm your diagnosis of typhoid? A. Culture B. Fecalysis C. Typhidot D. Widal test

A. Culture

Following are positive markers for identifying acute and chronic Hep B infection?

A. HbS antigen

Vaccination is the best way to protect infants against viral exanthems. What is the recommended schedule for routine measles and MMR vaccines in infants?

A. Measles vaccine at 9 months and MMR at 12 months Measles vaccine at 6 months if at high risk

A 13-month-old girl child noted to be at 25th percentile for weight, 10th percentile for height, <5th percentile for head circumference, small head at birth, developmentally delayed throughout her life and required cataract surgery shortly after birth. What is your diagnosis in this case?

A. Congenital CMV infection

True about measles infection. A. SSPE is a rare degenerative CNS complication B. Contagious 4 days before and 4 days after the appearance of rash C. Vit A is given for 2 consecutive days and 4 weeks later D. All of the above

D. AOTA

A 7-month-old child presents with fever, 3 episodes of vomiting of a previously ingested meal and nonbloody stools. Which of the following viruses will you consider as a cause of a child's symptoms? A. Hep A B. Rotavirus C. Enterovirus D. Coronavirus

B. Rotavirus - most common GI virus in children

A 2-year-old child presents with perianal area is red, irritated, no evidence of penetrating trauma, perianal area seems very red and excoriated, perianal itching. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Ascariasis B. Pinworm C. Threadworm D. Tapeworm

B. Pinworm

A 6-year-old came in with the complaint of something coming out while straining during defecation, also complaining of abdominal pain and bloody stools for the last one week. Examination reveals a normal external anus without evidence of trauma, when straining he produces a pink mucosal mass from his anus and it returns when he relaxes. Initial diagnostic evaluation should include which of the following? A. Cellophane tape test upon morning awakening B. Stool exam for ova and parasite C. Rectal culture D. Abdominal ultrasound E. Stool culture

B. Stool exam for ova and parasite

According to WHO guidelines what are the recommended supplements for acute diarrhea

A. Give zinc at 10 mg for less than 10 months and 20 mgs for more than 6 months old for 2 weeks

According to the IMCI guidelines, what should be initially give to a patient complaining of wheezing and difficulty of breathing

A. Salbutamol challenge test and see if patient improves

Patient who is in a squatting position with perioral cyanosis, faintly blue, ran after her brother and suddenly became dyspneic and cyanotic and returned to the squatting position. What is your impression?

A. Tetralogy of Fallot

Patient with a machinery like murmur at the parasternal border. What is your impression?

A. Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Patient with a machinery like murmur at the parasternal border. What is your impression?

A. Patent Ductus Arteriosus

The following can be seen in PDA EXCEPT: A. Bounding pulses B. LVH on chest X-ray C. Hypervascular lung field D. RVH on ECG

D. RVH on ECG

The following can be seen in PDA EXCEPT: A. Bounding pulses B. LVH on chest X-ray C. Hypervascular lung field D. RVH on ECG

D. RVH on ECG

Least Likely to be pathologic: A. Systolic in timing B. Grade 1 or 2 over 6 C. Significant finding on chest radiograph D. Accompanied by signs and symptoms

B. Grade 1 or 2 over 6

Holosystolic murmur which is heard best over the left sternal border. What is your impression?

A. VSD

Patient has Down syndrome accompanied by a congenital heart defect. What is the most common accompanying heart defect in this patient?

A. Endocardial cushion defect / Complete atrioventricular defect

A 4-year-old patient with nasal drainage for 2 months. He has a history of asthma. Father has eczema. You find foul smelling, blood tinged, left sided nasal drainage. The other nostril is void of drainage. What is your diagnosis?

A. Foreign Body

A 3-year-old patient with a history of low fever, hoarseness, barking cough, stridor, suprasternal and supraclavicular retractions. What will be your diagnosis?

A. Croup/LTB

Newborn with a finding of fine, ground-glass appearance on chest X-ray. What is your impression?

A. Hyaline membrane disease

8-month-old who is alert but dyspneic with alar flaring, intercostal retractions, prolonged expiratory phase with end expiratory wheezes. No murmur. What is your most likely diagnosis? A. Acute bronchiolitis B. Bronchial asthma C. Acute bronchitis D. Pneumonia

A. Acute bronchiolitis

A 1-year-old male came to the clinic with a history of exposure to a grandmother with PTB. Past medical history is unremarkable with normal chest X-ray. Mantoux test was unreactive. What is your management?

Start with prophylaxis (Isoniazid) then repeat Mantoux test after 3 months

A patient with Down syndrome with several episodes of vomiting. He appears lethargic, irritable, with no abdominal distension. Plain X-ray shows accumulation of gas in the stomach and upper intestine. What is your impression? A. Intussusception B. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis C. Jejunal obstruction D. Duodenal Atresia E. Hirschsprung

D. Duodenal Atresia

A 21-month-old girl with abdominal pain, drawing up her legs when it occurs, lasting 15-20 mins, cries and screams inconsolably, episodes of vomiting, tired looking, with abdominal tenderness and palpable cylindrical mass (sausage-shaped) on the right side, what is your diagnosis? A. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis B. Hirschsprung disease C. Intussusception D. Malrotation

C. Intussusception

It is recommended that fluoride varnish be applied how many times a year for children at high risk of dental caries? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

C. 4

9-year-old with persistent abdominal pain, with abdominal guarding and right lower quadrant rebound tenderness. Diagnosis?

A. Acute appendicitis

18-month-old, vomiting, paroxysmal breathing, abdominal pain, blood upon digital rectal examination. Next best step for management? (Diagnosis: intussusception)

A. Obtain an air contrast enema (can also be therapeutic)

4-month-old infant, admitted with head injuries after falling from bed, you are tasked to monitor signs of increased intracranial pressure, you should expect a 4-month-old with increased ICP to have A. Positive Brudzinski sign B. Positive Kernig sign C. Nuchal rigidity D. Bulging fontanelle

D. Bulging fontanelle

A 12-year-old girl was brought to the clinic because of frequent daydreaming w/ frequent moments of out of touch. She would also have frequent eye blinking and lip smacking every time she would have these episodes. There was no other associated illness. Birth, maternal, growth and development are noncontributory. Note, there's a decline in school performance. PE and neuro exams are normal. What is your primary consideration? A. Malingering B. Seizure, absence type C. Inattention D. None of the above

B. Seizure, absence type

A 5-year-old girl complains of frequency of urination. Urinalysis reveals pyuria so urine culture is done. Which urine culture result confirms the diagnosis of UTI? A. Catheter urine sample for 50,000 colonies of single pathogen B. Bag urine sample of more than 100,000 colonies of 2 pathogens C. Bag urine sample of less than 100,000 colonies of single pathogen D. None of the above

A. Catheter urine sample for 50,000 colonies of single pathogen

Case of post streptococcal AGN. What is the single best diagnostic test? A. BP B. ASO titer C. BUN/ Creatinine D. Low complement component C3

D. Low complement component C3

The following are indications for dialysis EXCEPT? D. Hypokalemia A. Anuria B. Hypokalemia C. Severe metabolic acidosis D. Uremia

B. Hypokalemia

Patient is pale, diagnosed with Iron Deficiency Anemia, how much Iron are you going to give?

A. 40-70 mg/kg/day elemental iron

3-year-old with Down syndrome because of bleeding gums, less lethargic than usual, splenomegaly, gingival bleeding and bruises A. Aplastic anemia B. ITP C. Leukemia D. Megaloblastic anemia

C. Leukemia - Down syndrome predisposes child to leukemia

4-year-old, his mother feels a mass in the abdomen, no history of emesis or abnormal stool or abdominal pain, there is left sided abdominal mass that doesn't cross the midline. A. Constipation B. Intussusception C. Wilms tumor D. Neuroblastoma E. Volvulus

C. Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma) - most common type of kidney cancer in children - malignant

Abdominal mass which crosses the midline

A. Neuroblastoma in contrast to nephroblastoma

Newborn screening For CAH is based on measurement of which of the following? A. Skeletal maturity B. 17- alpha-hydroxyprogesterone C. DNA mutation D. Testosterone

B. 17- alpha-hydroxyprogesterone

Which lab result would indicate a diabetic range of blood sugar?

A. Fasting blood glucose of >126mg/dL Also, random blood glucose of more than 200mg/dL

What is the golden period for congenital hypothyroidism detection and hormone replacement? A. 24 hours B. 1 week of life C. 2 weeks of life D. 1 month of life

C. 2 weeks of life

5 months old girl got tonic clonic seizures, lasted 20 minutes, hypothermic, lethargic. Mother has been feeding baby diluted infant formula. Seizure is most probably due to? A. Hyponatremia B. Hypoglycemic C. Hypocalcemia D. Hypokalemia

A. Hyponatremia

4-year-old girl, acute onset of abdominal pain, melena is diagnosed with HSP. There are symmetrical palpable purpura overlying the lower extremities, PE is unremarkable. What is the best treatment for this patient? A. Supportive B. Corticosteroid C. Azathioprine D. Cyclophosphamide

B. Corticosteroid

What is the second most common form of childhood vasculitis? A. Kawasaki B. HSP C. Takayasu D. Polyarteritis nodosa

A. Kawasaki most common is Henoch Schonlein Purpura

9-year-old boy, active in school, complains of episodic pain, mostly at night, relieved by simple rubbing, no other complaints. The pain is most likely due to? A. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis B. Benign hypermobility syndrome C. Growing pains D. Patellofemoral syndrome

C. Growing pains

Heel to ear maneuver: if the resistance was felt when the heel was near the chin, what is the score?

1 - Check neonatal maturity rating

COMPREHENSIVE EXAM Flashcards

(88 cards)