comprehensive exam 3 study guide.

Question 1

RLQ

Answer 1

1. Appendix,
2. ascending colon,
3. cecum,
4. right lower kidney,
5. right ovary and tube,
6. right ureter,
7. right spermatic cord

Question 2

o RUQ

Answer 2

1. Ascending and transverse colon,
2. duodenum,
3. gallbladder,
4. hepatic flexure of colon,
5. liver, pancreas,
6. pylorus

Question 3

o LLQ

Answer 3

1. Left lower kidney,
2. left ovary and tube,
3. left ureter,
4. left spermatic cord,
5. descending and sigmoid colon

Question 4

LUQ

Answer 4

1. Left adrenal gland,
2. left kidney,
3. left ureter,
4. pancreas,
5. spleen,
6. splenic flexure of colon,
7. stomach,
8. transverse descending colon

Question 5

• Peritoneum wraps around organs

Answer 5

**o Solid viscera **
 Liver, pancreas, spleen, etc.

o **Hollow viscera **
 Stomach, intestines, bladder, etc.

Question 6

Liver

Answer 6

 Largest solid organ, fills most of RUQ
 Palpable potentially under right ______ margin (soft consistency)
 Glucose storage, blood plasma protein, cholesterol prod., etc.

Question 7

Pancreas

Answer 7

 Deep in _____ abdomen, non-palpable
 Endocrine gland and accessory to digestion

Question 8

Kidneys

Answer 8

Posterior organs

Question 9

Do you drink alcohol?

Answer 9

stomach, pancreas, liver can be damaged from chronic

Question 10

Exercise

Answer 10

promotes peristalsis(wave helps move food) and reduces cancer and hypertension risk

Question 11

Visceral pain

Answer 11

o Distended or contracted forcefully
o Dull, aching, burning, cramping, colicky

Question 12

• Parietal pain

Answer 12

o Inflamed parietal peritoneum
o Severe, steady

Question 13

• Referred pain

Answer 13

o Gallbladder – right neck and right below shoulder blade
o Pancreas/spleen – left neck
o Pancreas/kidneys – middle back

Question 14

• Implications of pain

Answer 14

Dull, aching
 Appendicitis, acute hepatitis, cholecystitis, hernia, IBS, pancreatitis, perforated gastric ulcer, peritonitis

Question 15

o Burning, gnawing

Answer 15

 cramps, mechanical obstruction, colitis, diverticulitis, GERD

Question 16

o pressure

Answer 16

 BPH, prostate cancer, urinary retention

Question 17

o Sharp, knifelike

Answer 17

 Splenic abscess, splenic rupture, renal colic, renal tumor, ureteral colic, vascular liver tumor

Question 18

• Peptic ulcer disease

Answer 18

• Peptic ulcer disease
  o Symptoms

 worse are night or on empty stomach, feeling of fullness, come and go over days or weeks, chest pain, fatigue, weight loss, black tarry stools, vomiting

o risk assessment

 modifiable
* NSAIDs, steroids, anticoagulants, aspirin, SSRIs, alendronate
* Smoking or chewing tobacco
* Untreated stress
* Eating spicy foods
* Drinking alcohol

 Non-modifiable
* H. pylori bacteria
* Hypersecretory conditions
* Personal or family history
* Radiation treatments
* Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Question 19

• GERD

Answer 19

o Symptoms

 Hoarseness, laryngitis, chronic dry cough, asthma, lump in throat feeling, sudden increase in saliva, bad breath, earaches, chest pain

o Risk factors
 Obesity
 Hiatal hernia
 Pregnancy
 Smoking
 Dry mouth
 Asthma
 Diabetes
 Delayed stomach emptying
 Eating large meals or eating late at night
 Scleroderma
 Alcohol
 Dairy, spicy, fried foods
 Aspirin, NSAIDs, sedatives, antidepressants, asthma meds, antihypertensives, allergy meds