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Comprehensive final Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the primary purpose of the State Nurse Practice Act?

A

State what a nurse can legally do/ define scope of practice

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2
Q

Who writes the Standards of Nursing Care?

A

American Nurses Association

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3
Q

What’s CMTS stand for?

A

color, movement, temp, sensation

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4
Q

Malpractice is which type of legal action?

A

unintentional tort

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5
Q

What does EMTALA ensure?

A

Patient in active labor will receive care at the facility at

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6
Q

what’s primary care?

what’s secondary care?

what’s tertiary care?

A

primary: When you are working to keep patient healthy by promoting health and illness-prevention activities, what level are you utilizing?

secondary: focuses on early diagnosis and treatment- reduce the impact of the disease and its consequences

tertiary: focuses on long-term rehabilitation, health restoration and palliative care and care of the dying, halt disease progression and restore functioning

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7
Q

What is the most typical type of healthcare coverage for those over 65?

A

Medicare

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8
Q

Which agency ensure safe, quality care is provided at long term care settings?

A

The Federal Bureau of Quality Assurance

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9
Q

What organization has quality nursing education as one of its main focuses?

A

NLN

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10
Q

Who has developed the National Patient Safety Goals?

A

The Joint Commission

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11
Q

what is the ANA’s Code of Ethics?

A

It is a formal guideline of minimum standards

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12
Q

What are the ANA Standards of Nursing Practice similar too?

A

the nursing process

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13
Q

what’s the good Samaritan act?

A

protects a health care worker if they provide first aid at an accident scene

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14
Q

What does the state board of nursing do?

A
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15
Q

Which law protects society as a whole- criminal or civil?

A
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16
Q

What are the elements of malpractice?

A
  1. Duty
  2. Breach of Duty
  3. Causation
  4. Damages
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17
Q

What is the Code of Ethics and why is it important?

A
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18
Q

Define these ethical principles:

*Autonomy-
*Nonmaleficence-
*Beneficence-
*Fidelity-
*Veracity-
*Justice-

A
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19
Q

what’s preload?

A

what’s preloaded in the ventricles, ready to head out to the body

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20
Q

what’s afterload?

A

how hard the heart has to work to over the pressure (diastole)?

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21
Q

The laws that are set by each state to regulate nursing practice that the state board of nursing oversees are the:

A

Nurse Practice Act

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22
Q

The organization that is concerned with the professionalism of nursing and has written the nursing Code of Ethics is:

A

American Nurses Association (ANA)

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23
Q

The type of law that deals with wrongs against society is ______________ law

A

criminal law

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24
Q

means: low protein level
worry about: wound healing and fluid balance

A

negative nitrogen balance

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25
lipids and fats should be ___% of calories
30% of calories
26
omega 3 and 6 are ______ & help with what?
essential fatty acids protect the heart
27
greasy foods and bakery products have _____ fat
trans
28
solid at room temp marbled meats is ____ fats
saturated
29
water soluble vitamins
B complex vitamins and Vitamin C *easily abosorbed and easily used *excess is urinated out *help with RBC's
30
fat soluble vitamins
*A *D - help absorb calcium *E - antioxidant and skin *K - vision, helps blood clot
31
sodium is a _____________ normal levels ___________ intra/extracellular?
*mineral *135-145 *EXTRAcellular
32
potassium is a _________ too much can cause _______ IV indications? intra/extracellular? normal levels?
*mineral *cardiac arrest if high *IV push - diluted and slow *INTRAcellular *3.5 - 5.0
33
calcium is a __________ involved in ______________ normal levels ___________
*mineral *blood clotting, muscle contraction ("calcium calms") *8.5 - 10.5
34
magnesium is a ___________ helpful with _______________ normal level ______________
*mineral *restless leg syndrome (relaxes muscles), enzyme activities, brain neuron activity, relaxation of respiratory muscles, metabolism of calcium, potassium, and sodium *1.6-2.6
35
phosphorous is a __________ relationship with ___________? helpful for _________________
*mineral *inverse of calcium *building bones and teeth, catalyst for intracellular activities, muscle and nerve action
36
*1 L = ____ kg
1 kg
37
ADH does what?
stops body from excreting water, CONSERVES water
38
RAAS does what?
*regulates our blood pressure and fluid volume
39
chloride characteristics? normal level? intra/extracellular?
*goes with sodium *95-105 *mostly extracellular (like sodium!)
40
Carbohydrates
Primary energy source 45-65% calories
41
signs of Hyponatremia
(Decreases serum osmolality) Confusion, lethargy, headache, restless, decreased reflexes, seizures, and coma
42
signs of Hypernatremia
(Increase serum osmolality) Thirst, dry sticky mucus membranes with dry red tone, increased temperature, restlessness, headache, and seizures
43
signs of Hypokalemia
Flattened T waves, muscle weakness and cramps, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, constipation, cardia dysrhythmias, feeling skipped beats
44
signs of Hyperkalemia
Tall peaked T waves, paresthesia, muscle weakness, muscle paralysis and loss of tone, diarrhea, cardia arrest
45
signs of Hypocalcemia
tetany, positive Chvostek’s and Trousseau’s signs, laryngeal spasm, muscle cramps, confusion, and dysrhthmias
46
signs of Hypercalcemia
Lethargy/ decreased level of consciousness, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, muscle weakness. personality changes, bizarre behavior, bradycardia, kidney stones
47
signs of Hypomagnesemia
Hyperactive reflexes Numbness and tingling Irritability, mood changes, muscular weakness, muscle spasms, and NYSTAGMUS
48
signs of Hypermagnesemia
hypotension, decreases reflexes, flushing, confusion, drowsiness, weakness
49
signs of Hypophospheria
disorientation, changes in euro status, seizures, joint stiffness, cardiomyopathy
50
signs of Hyperphospheria
May be asymptomatic Muscular spasms and cramping, weakness of the bones, tetany and crystal accumulation in the circulatory system and in the body’s tissues
51
A client's albumin level is normal at 4 but the prealbumin is low at 10. What does this mean?
Patient had RECENT protein malnutrition
52
The type of fat that can raise cholesterol levels in the body is ______________________
saturated
53
Which thanksgiving pie is an excellent source of Vitamin A?
pumpkin!
54
Which B complex vitamin is important for preventing neural tube defects?
B9
55
Which of the following is the best source of Vitamin C? Milk, wax beans, yogurt, potatoes
potatoes
56
can Vitamin E help to prevent atherosclerosis?
yes
57
about ____% of our supply of Vitamin K is produced by the ________
75% intestines
58
can you have ice cream or red jello on on a clear liquid diet?
ice cream: NO red jello: yes
59
what's a low residue diet?
60
best source of iron?
lean meat
61
One reason the body needs fat is to _______________
provide fat soluble vitamins A, D, E and K
62
Name two vitamins that are natural antioxidants.
A & C
63
Minerals are needed in small quantities and so are known as ______________
micronutrients.
64
Why is iron needed?
to make hemoglobin in RBC's
65
If you have liver disease or high blood pressure what mineral should you eat less of?
sodium
66
1g of fat gives how many kilocalories of energy?
9 kcal

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