CompTIA A+ 1101 Cellular Standards

Question 1

• provided poor data support
• originally circuit-switched networks
• utilized multiplexing (multiple people can communicate at the same time, over the same frequencies)

GSM (Global Systems for Mobile Communications):
- originally an EU standard
- 90% of the market
- worldwide coverage
- used by AT&T and T-Mobile in the US
- used a SIM card

CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)
- each call uses a different code, used to filter on the receiving side
- used by Verizon and Sprint in the US
- handsets were controlled by the network provider
- not much worldwide utilization

Answer 1

2G Standards

Question 2

• upgraded data connectivity over 2G
• had incremental updates that improved speeds
• maximum speeds of about several megabits per second
• new functionalities such as GPS, mobile TV, and VoD

Answer 2

3G Standard

Question 3

• converged the GSM and CDMA standards
• supported download rates of 150 megabits per second
• LTE-A (the upgraded version of LTE) was available in some areas

Answer 3

4G Standard and LTE (Long Term Evolution)

Question 4

• higher frequencies than the previous standards
• (eventually) 10 gigabits per second speeds
• (currently) 100 to 900 megabits per second speeds
• major IoT impact (less of a bandwidth constraint, larger data transfers, faster monitoring and notification, and additional cloud processing)

Answer 4

5G Standard