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Computer Arch Flashcards

1
Q

Understanding arithmetic and logical operations with integer operands, floating-point number systems and operations.

A

Computer Architecture

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2
Q

instructions cycles: …,….

A

Fetch Cycle
Execute Cycle

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3
Q

Contains the 8-bit op-code instruction being executed.

A

Instruction Register (IR)

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4
Q

It deals with functional behavior of computer system

A

Computer Architecture

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5
Q

the father of all modern computers

A

IAS

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6
Q

Architecture describes …… the computer does

A

What

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7
Q

…….,……computers were examples of first-generation computing devices.

A

The UNIVAC and ENIAC

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8
Q

the operational units and their interconnection that realize the architecture specification.

A

Computer Organization

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9
Q

helps plan the selection of a processor for a particular project

A

Computer organization

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10
Q

…..carried out the four basic arithmetic operations and perhaps higher arithmetical functions
such as roots, logarithms, trigonometric functions, and their inverses

A

Central Arithmetical unit (CA)

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11
Q

in IAS . Each register has….bits

A

40

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12
Q

ENIAC, Addition and subtraction were performed with …. accumulators

A

20

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13
Q

Using Computer organization computer programs performance could be……..

A

optimized

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14
Q

….. control the proper sequencing of operations and make the individual units act together to carry out the specific task programmed into the system(EDVAC)

A

Central Control Unit (CU)

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15
Q

Computer Architecture deals with …….. behavior of computer system

A

functional

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16
Q

Computer organization deals with ……relationship

A

structural

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17
Q

Contains the word to be stored in memory or sent to the I/O unit, or is used to receive a word from memory or from the 1/0 unit.

A

Memory Buffer Register (MBR)

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18
Q

Understanding the concept of programs as sequences of machine instructions.

A

Computer Architecture

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19
Q

Multiplier Quotient (MQ)

A

Employed to hold temporarily operands, results of ALU operations, the least- significant bits of the product as multiplication proceeds, and the quotient from division.

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20
Q

The first computers ever used ……. for circuitry and …….for memory

A

vacuum tubes, magnetic drums

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21
Q

To give a basis understanding of computer operations, roles of processors, main memory, and input/output devices.

A

Computer Architecture

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22
Q

……..Involves logic

A

Arch

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23
Q

It comes before Computer organization while designing a computer

A

Computer Architecture

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24
Q

performed when the op-code is in IR. The Control circuitry send out the appropriate control signals to cause data to be moved or an operation to be performed by the ALU.

A

Execute Cycle

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25
Q

……a metal cylinder coated with magnetic iron-oxide material on which data and programs can be stored

A

A magnetic drum

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26
Q

Understanding memory organization, including cache structures and virtual memory schemes.

A

Computer Architecture

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27
Q

The IAS operates through performing an …… which consists of ….. sub- cycles.

A

instructions cycle epetitively ,two

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28
Q

The IAS machine language instructions are ….bits long

A

20

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29
Q

the op-code of the next instruction is loaded into the IR and the address is loaded into the MAR. This instruction may be taken from the IBR, or it can be obtained from memory by loading a word into the MBR, and then down to the IBR, IR, and MAR.

A

Fetch Cycle

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30
Q

Contains the address of the next instruction-pair to be fetched from memory.

A

Program Counter (PC)

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31
Q

Interface between hardware and software

A

arch

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32
Q

The EDVAC was organized for 4 main parts

A

Central Arithmetical unit (CA)
Central Control unit (CU)
Memory (M)
Input/Output devices (I/O).

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33
Q

each addressable word in memory contains …..

A

40 bits

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34
Q

op-code memory- address, where op-code is an …. operation code and memory-address is a …. memory address.

A

8-bit, 12-bit

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35
Q

Understanding the relationship between assembly language and machine language.

A

Computer Architecture

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36
Q

….. units were the interface between computer and user.

A

I/O

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37
Q

organization describes…. it does it

A

How

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38
Q

……store both numerical data (variables, constant,…) and instructions.

A

Memory

39
Q

a set of disciplines that describes a computer system by specifying its parts and their relations.

A

Computer Architecture

40
Q

Employed to hold temporarily the right-hand instruction from a word in memory

A

Instruction Buffer Register (IBR)

41
Q

first computers which stored both the program and the data in the computer’s memory

A

IAS

42
Q

Specifies the address in memory of the word to be written from or read into the IVIBR.

A

Memory Address Register (MAR)

43
Q

called Selectron that has up to 1024 (40-bit memory locations) words. There are also several other registers that are used internally by the computer but are invisible to the machine- language programmer. (IAS)

A

Memory (RAM)

44
Q

…. involves Physical components

A

organization

45
Q

Architecture and organization are ……..

A

independent

46
Q

Holds the output of the ALU after an arithmetic operation, a temporarily operands loaded from memory, the most-significant digits of a product, and the divisor for division.

A

Accumulator (AC)

47
Q

included some 18,000 vacuum tubes and 1,500 relays.

A

ENIAC

48
Q

The IAS has an …..

A

accumulator register, AC, and an arithmetic register, AR

49
Q

replaced vacuum tubes

A

Transistors

50
Q

a device composed of semiconductor material that amplifies a signal or opens or closes a circuit.

A

Transistor

51
Q

Transistors were miniaturized and placed on silicon chips, called ……

A

semiconductors

52
Q

……. is a small piece of semi conducting material on which an
integrated circuit is embedded.

A

A chip

53
Q

control the logic of almost all digital devices, from clock radios to fuel- injection systems for automobiles.

A

Microprocessors

54
Q

The number of bits processed in a single instruction.

A

Bandwidth

55
Q

Given in megahertz (MHz), the ……. determines how many instructions per second the processor can execute.

A

Clock Speed

56
Q

The set of instructions that the microprocessor can execute.

A

Instruction Set

57
Q

combines the ALU and the control unit into one functional unit

A

CPU

58
Q

one device can be a bus master, and the remaining devices are then considered to be slaves. The master controls the bus, and can be either a ……or……

A

sender, a receiver.

59
Q

it contains a clock (CLK) that sends out a sequence of 1’s and 0’s at timed intervals.

A

Synchronous

60
Q

clock (CLK) sends out a sequence of …….. at timed intervals.

A

1’s and 0’s

61
Q

………. is used to synchronize bus operations

A

The clock signal

62
Q

This bus clock is generally derived from the ……..

A

master system clock

63
Q

Causes data on the bus to be written into the addressed location

A

Memory write

64
Q

Causes data from the addressed location to be placed on the bus

A

Memory read

65
Q

Causes data from the addressed I/O port to be placed on the bus

A

I/O read

66
Q

Causes data on the bus to be output to the addressed I/O port

A

I/O write

67
Q

I/O write

A

Causes data on the bus to be output to the addressed I/O port

68
Q

Indicates that data have been accepted from or placed on the bus

A

Transfer ACK

69
Q

Indicates that a module needs to gain control of the bus

A

Bus request

70
Q

Indicates that a requesting module has been granted control of the bus

A

Bus grant

71
Q

indicates that an interrupt is pending

A

Interrupt request

72
Q

Acknowledges that the pending interrupt has been recognized

A

Interrupt ACK

73
Q

Initializes all modules

A

Reset

74
Q

Is used to synchronize operations

A

Clock

75
Q

for electrical power to the components, which is not shown, but its presence is understood.

A

Power Bus

76
Q

ISA is a short for ………. and ISA was introduced by …….

A

Industry Standard Architecture ,IBM.

77
Q

identifies where the information is being sent (bus)

A

Address Bus

78
Q

Address Bus connections between

A

the microprocessor and memory

79
Q

carries the information being transmitted

A

Data Bus

80
Q

The number of wires used in the data bus

A

width

81
Q

describes aspects of how the information is being sent, and in what manner.

A

Control Bus

82
Q

connections between
(Control Bus)

A

CU , CPU

83
Q

Data Bus are

A

Bi-directional

84
Q

Data Bus exchange data between

A

processor , Memory ,peripherals

85
Q

PCI was introduced by

A

Intel

86
Q

a 32-bit computer bus that is also available as a 64-bit bus running at 66 MHz providing up to 528 MB/sec bandwidth, -while the data and address lines are multiplexed.

A

The PCI

87
Q

PCI is a computer bus for attaching ……

A

hardware devices in a computer

88
Q

many tasks traditionally performed by expansion cards may now be performed equally well, by ….. devices.(PCI Bus)

A

USB

89
Q

The original release of USB supports 127 devices transferring 12 Mbps.

A

USB 1.0

90
Q

full-speed USB

A

USB 1.1

91
Q

hi-speed USB

A

USB 2.0

92
Q

supports 12 Mbps

A

USB 1.0 , USB 1.1

93
Q
A

Arch (4 decks)

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