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Computer Engineering Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

4 main functions of a computer

A

Input, Output, Processing and Control, Storage

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2
Q

What is the CPU

A
  • Brain of the computer
  • Measured in MHz/GHz
  • Made up of Control Unit and ALU
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3
Q

What is ALU

A

Arithmetic Logic Unit
-Logic and Calculations

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4
Q

Control unit functions

A

Information flow and regulation

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5
Q

First computer information

A

Name: Intel 8080
Date: 1974
Transistors: 6000
Microns: 6
Clock Speed: 2MHz
Data width: 8 Bits
MIPS: 0.64

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6
Q

MIPs

A

Million of instructions per second

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7
Q

RAM

A
  • Temporarily stored info
  • SIMM & DIMM
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8
Q

ROM

A

Permanent memory storage
-starts boot sequences

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9
Q

BIOS

A

Basic Input Output System
- ROM which establishes communication when computer is turned on

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10
Q

Caching

A

Storing data in fast RAM which connects to CPU

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11
Q

Virtual Memory

A

Stores data in hard disk and swaps in and out of RAM when needed

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12
Q

Hard Disk

A

Large Capacity Permanent Storage that holds programs and documents

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13
Q

Interface

A

Language or protocol of drive which communicates with network or host computer

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14
Q

Main Types of Interface

A
  • ATA
    -SCSI
    -Fibre Channel
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15
Q

SATA/SAS

A

Serial Attached SCSI

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16
Q

Capacity

A

Amount of data that the drive can store

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17
Q

1Kb

A

1024 bytes

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18
Q

1Mb

A

1024 Kilobytes

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19
Q

1 GIgabyte

A

1024 Megabytes

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20
Q

1 Terrabyte

A

1024 Gigabytes

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21
Q

RPM

A

Measurement of how fast a hard disc platters are spinning
- Usual speeds are 5400rpm or 7200rpm

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22
Q

Seek Time

A

Average of how long a drive takes to move the heads to a track
-Usual seek times are 5-10ms

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23
Q

Data rate

A

Number of bytes per second that the drive can deliver to CPU
- Usually 100 -150 megabytes per second
-Future 300-600 megabytes

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24
Q

Motherboard

A

The Main circuit board that all of the other internal components connect to

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25
Integrated Drive Electronics
Primary interface for hard drive, CD-ROM and floppy disk drive
26
PCI Bus
Peripheral Component Interconnect Bus - Most common way to connect additional components to computer -Maximum 133Mb/s
27
PCI Express Bus
Newer way to connect additional items to computer -Subsystem contains PCI lanes -Rate of 250mb/s
28
SCSI
-Scuzzy- pronunciation -Small computer system interface -Adds additional devices such as hard drives and scanners to the computer
29
AGP
Accelerated Graphic Ports -High speed connection used by graphics card -Special PCI Express slot used to replace this
30
Sound Card
-Records and Play audio -Sound card plugs into PCI slot
31
Graphics Card
-Translates image data -Graphics card plugs into AGP slot or PCI Express slot
32
Types of ports
-Parallel -Serial
33
Parallel port
Connects printer or scanner
34
Serial Port
Connects external modern
35
USB
- Universal Serial Bus -USB ports offer power and versatillity -Easy to use
36
Fire Wire
-Connects digital video devices to your computer -Such as digital cameras
37
PS2 Connectors
- Mouse and keyboard connector -PS2 mouse plugs into Teal mini din -PS2 keyboard plugs into purple mini din
38
LAN
-DSL/CABLE Connector -Local Area Network -Plugs into back of motherboard
39
Power Supply
-Electrical Transformer that regulates electricity used by computer -Measured in watts
40
Chip sets
3.3v
41
Logic
5v
42
Drives
12v
43
Operating system
Basic Software that allows the user to interface with the computer - Windows, Linux, OS X and UNIX
44
Monitor
Device used for displaying information
45
Display Technologies
CRT, LCD, LED
46
Cable Technology
VGA, DVI, HDMI
47
Viewable Area
Measured Diagonally
48
Aspect Ratio and Orientation
Landscape or Potrait
49
Maximum Resolution
The # of pixels - Higher pixel # = Better resolution
50
Dot Pitch
Measure between pixels -Smaller = better
51
Refresh Rate
Number of times that the image on display is drawn/ second
52
Colour depth
COmbination of display modes
53
Keyboard
Primary device for entering information
54
Mouse
Primary device for navigating and interacting
55
Printer
Primary device used to obtain a hard copy - Laser printers -Ink Jet /Bubble jet -Dot matrix
56
Speakers
Produces sound
57
Modem
MOdulator/ DEModulator - Sends and receives information through a connection
58
Removable Storage
Allows for new information to be added as well as saving in formation to a different location
59
Floppy Disk
Removable storage
60
CD-ROM
CD-R = Recordable CD-RW= Rewritable
61
Flash memory
Type of ROM - electrically erasable programmable read only memory -Fast and permanent storage
62
DVD-ROM
-Digital Versatile Disc- Read only memory -Similar to CD_ROM but can hold more information
63
Binary Code
1 or 0 used to encode data onto a computer
64
Bit
Binary digit, 1 or 0
65
Byte
8 bits
66
ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange -Language used to encode instructions
67
Serial ATA/SATA
Serial Advanced Technology Architecture - Transfers data single stream/ serially -Wraps many bits of data into packets and transfers them -30x faster thgan parallel
68
Parallel ATA/ PATA
Parallel Advanced Technology -Transfers data in multiple streams

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