Computer Hardware & Algorithms Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is the CPU?
The purpose of the CPU (control processing unit) is to process data. The CPU is where processes such as calculating, sorting and searching take place. Anything that is done on a computer, such as checking emails or playing games, is processed by the CPU.
What is the storage?
The storage of a computer is where everything is saved.
What is ROM?
ROM (read-only memory) is non-volatile which means that it keeps its content even when the computer is switched off.
What is the purpose of ROM?
The purpose of read-only memory is to be read but not written to. It is used for storing instructions and data that are needed for the computer to run. The instructions and data in the ROM are usually programmed by the computer’s manufacturer and cannot be overwritten.
What is RAM?
Random access memory is volatile primarily memory which means once the computer is switched off, the data and instruction held in RAM are lost.
What is the purpose of RAM?
The purpose of RAM (random access memory) is to hold data and instructions that are currently in use. In a modern PC, RAM is used to hold the operating system and any open documents and programs that are running.
When can the contents of RAM be changed and how?
The contents of RAM can be changed at any time, simply by overwriting them with other data and/or instructions. For example, a user might close one document and open a second, or run a different program.
What does having more RAM on a computer give you the advantage of?
Having more RAM on a computer means that you can hold more data and programs simultaneously.
What is the main difference between RAM and ROM?
The main difference between RAM and ROM is that ROM is read-only and non-volatile but RAM can be read from and written to and is volatile.
What is volatile memory?
Volatile memory always loses its contents when unpowered.
What is non-volatile memory?
Non-volatile memory keeps its contents even when the computer is switched off.
What is primary storage?
Primary storage is used for things that need to be accessed very, very quickly, like the hardware used to start the computer.
What are the two types of primary storage?
The two types of primary storage are:
- ROM (read-only memory)
- RAM (random access memory)
What is secondary storage?
Secondary storage is non-volatile, long-term storage. It is used to keep programs and data indefinitely. Without secondary storage, all programs and data would be lost the moment the computer is switched off.
Do all computers require secondary storage?
Not all computers require secondary storage. Embedded computers, such as those found in a digital watch or central heating system do not need to store data when the power is turned off, and therefore do not require secondary storage.
Name three types of secondary storage.
- magnetic storage devices, such as hard disk drives
- optical storage devices, such as CD, DVD and Blu-ray discs
- solid state storage devices, such as solid state drives and USB memory sticks
