Computer science Unit 1 Flashcards
(32 cards)
What’s the CPU
Central processing Unit, it executes programmes stored in main memory
What is Cache
High speed memory on The CPU, it stores a copy of data and instructions that is frequently used
What is Clock Speed
Number of processing cycles per second
What are cores
Cores can independently run a program, multi core means multiple programs can run at once
What’s General Purpose Computer able to do
Can execute different types of software
What’s an embedded system
A microprocessor within a larger system
What’s Primary Storage
Short term storage used when the computer is running
What is RAM
Random access memory, it’s volatile and stores currently running instructions and data
What’s ROM
Read only memory it’s non volatile and stored data and instructions that don’t need to be updated and used when the computer is first turned on
What’s secondary storage
Long term storage in a computer system
Examples of optical
DVD, CD, Blue-Ray
What is binary
A numbering system made of 1 and 0, which represents machine code on and off signals
List the binary number line
128 , 64 , 32 , 16 , 8 , 4 , 2 , 1
If you binary shift right what happens
You divide in multiples of two
What’s overflow
It happens when the number you want to store is more than 8 bits
If you binary shift left what happens
You multiply in multiples of two
What’s a character
A singular symbol
What’s a character set
A list of all characters recognised by a computer system
What’s ASCII
It uses 8 bits, and represents most European languages
What’s Unicode
Uses 16 bits it gives you access to all languages and emojis but it requires more storage
What are images
They are divided into pixels containing one colour binary value
What’s a pixel
Smallest possible unit within an image
What is colour depth
A measure of how many bits used for a colour, each colour has a unique binary code , the higher the colour depth, the higher the quality and the more storage memory that’s used
What’s resolution
Number of pixels in an image, height X width, a better resolution means better quality and more storage used
