Concept of a Hazard Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are the characteristics of natural hazards?
- origins clear + effects distinctive
- short warning
- exposure is involuntary
- most losses + damage occur shortly after event
- requires emergency response
Adaptation
attempts of people/communities to live with hazard events
Fatalism
View of hazard as inevitable (acceptance)
Natural hazard
Natural events that are perceived as a potential threat
Perception
Way an individual /group view the threat of a hazard
Reasons why people risk living in hazardous areas…
- the unpredictability
- lack of alternatives
- changing levels of risk
- cost/ benefits of living there
- perception
What are the factors that influence perception?
- socio-economic status
- level of education
- job/employment status
- religion/culture
- past experiences
- values, personality + expectations
Fear
people feel vulnerable = move away
Community preparedness/risk sharing
measures that aim to reduce loss of life and property e.g. education, awareness + evacuation procedures
Integrated risk management
Managing hazards by considering social, economic + political factors involved in risk analysis (decide what actions to take)
Prediction
Ability to give warnings so actions can be taken to reduce impact of natural hazards
Primary effects
effects directly from hazard
Resilience
people able to utilise available resources to respond to effects of hazard
Secondary effects
effects that result from primary effects
What are the advantages of the Park Model?
Can help planners predict what resources will be required at each stage
Can help prepare for future hazards – For example building back better in the reconstruction stage.
What are the disadvantages of the Park Model?
Simplified model – doesn’t account for location or hazard specific issues
How do you measure the quality of life of a population? Will it be the same for everybody – inequality
What are the advantages of the Disaster/response cycle?
Shows the plan for during and immediately the event
Shows appropriate actions that should take place to accelerate the recovery journey
What are the disadvantages of the Disaster/response cycle?
No time scale
Vague responses
Not natural disaster specific
What if another disaster occurs before another response?
What are the 3 stages of the Park Model?
Relief - medical attention (few hours-days)
Rehabilitation - attempt to return back to normal (food)
Reconstruction - property + crops built/regrown
