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Lvl 1 - Concepts > Concepts > Flashcards

Concepts Flashcards

0
Q

What are the five components of the nursing process?

A

Assess, diagnose, plan, implement, evaluate

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1
Q

What are the four components if nursing care?

A

Person (recipient of care)

environment (internal or external)

health/wellness (degree of wellness)

nursing (attributes/characteristics and actions of nurse)

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3
Q

True or false: “evidenced-based nursing practice uses knowledge and research to support clinical decision making”

A

True

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4
Q

What are the components of a discipline?

A

Field of study

Rules or systems that govern conduct or activity

Soft versus hard disciplines

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5
Q

What are the components of a profession?

A

Need for higher education

Need for a specific body of knowledge

Practical as well as theoretical

Strong internal organizations

Motivated by altruism

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6
Q

Is the Neuman Systems Model an open or closed system?

A 
Open system:
      Porous boundary
      Increased interaction
      Energy's role
*Changes frequently!*
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7
Q

What was Bertalanffy’s model?

A

General systems model

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8
Q

What was Selye’s theory?

A

Stress/adaption theory

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9
Q

What was Caplan’s concept?

A

Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention

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10
Q

What were Erikson’s stages about?

A

Stages of development

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11
Q

What was Maslow’s contribution?

A

Hierarchy of needs

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12
Q

Why did Betty Neuman create her model?

A

She wanted to provide a framework for nursing because she knew it was lacking in the field.

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13
Q

According to Betty Neuman, what is the goal of nursing?

A

To assist individuals, families, and groups TO ATTAIN AND MAINTAIN MAXIMAL LEVEL OF TOTAL WELLNESS by purposeful intervention.

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14
Q

According to Betty Neuman, what is the holistic approach?

A

Person is viewed as a composite of physiological, psychological, socio-cultural, spiritual and developmental variables that function as an open system.

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15
Q

What is health/wellness?

A

Condition or degree of system stability.

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16
Q

What are stressors?

A

Any stimuli that disrupts stability

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17
Q

True or false: In the NSM, wellness is a continuum; when needs are unmet, illness often follows.

A

True

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18
Q

What are the five Neuman variables?

A 
Physiological
Psychological
Socio-cultural
Developmental
Spiritual
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19
Q

What are the 8 subconcepts of physiological variables?

A 
Comfort
Mobility/neuro
Nutrition
Elimination
Oxygenation
Circulation
Sexuality
Safety
20
Q

What are some subconcepts that fever falls under?

A

Comfort, safety, nutrition,etc

21
Q

Describe the psychological variable

A

Refers to mental processes and relationships
(Orientation, thought patterns, communication patterns, coping mechanisms, self concept/self esteem, interpersonal relationships)

22
Q

Describe the socio-cultural variable

A

Refers to combined social and cultural factors

(Family background, support system, ethnic/family customs, health insurance, hobbies, employment)

23
Q

Describe the developmental variable

A

Appropriate developmental level with comparison of expected and exhibited behaviors
Erikson-developmenal stages
Piaget-thinking
Freud- Identity, sexuality, ego,etc.

24
Q

Describe the spiritual variable

A

Refers to faith and expression of faith, practicing beliefs, moral/ethical beliefs

25
Q

The patient has worked night shift for the past 20 years at a local factory: what variable does that assessment finding fall under?

A

Sociocultural

26
Q

The patient has a temperature of 101 degrees; what physiologic subconcept does this fall under?

A

Safety

27
Q

Describes stressors

A

Forces occurring within internal and external boundaries of the client system

Time, intensity, nature of stressor, and condition of client (past and present) and amount of energy required by client to adjust, should all be considered

Think about context when thinking about stressors

28
Q

What are intrapersonal stressors?

A

Occurring within the boundary of the client system

29
Q

What are interpersonal stressors?

A

Occurring outside the boundary of the client system at close range

30
Q

What are extrapersonal stressors?

A

Occurring outside the boundary of the client system at a distant range

31
Q

What is the basic structure?

A

Basic factors common to all organisms

32
Q

What are lines of resistance?

A

Surrounding and protecting the basic internal structure of the system

33
Q

What are normal lines of defense?

A

Protects system from common, everyday environmental stressors.

34
Q

What is the flexible line of defense?

A

Surrounds the normal line of defense and protects it from extreme environmental stressors

35
Q

Describe Intra-, Inter-, and Extra-, stressors within the Physiological variable

A

Intrapersonal:
Poor nutrition, genetic weakness, loss of sleep, immobilization

Interpersonal:
Fight w/ injury, rape, abuse

Extrapersonal:
Virus (it’s out there), germ, heat, cold

36
Q

Describe Intra-, Inter-, and Extra-, stressors within the psychological variable

A

Intrapersonal:
Anxiety, fear, worry

Interpersonal:
Argument, conflict

Extrapersonal:
Loss of job, loss of spouse

37
Q

Describe Intra-, Inter-, and Extra-, stressors within the sociocultural variable

A

Intrapersonal:
Noise, crowds

Interpersonal:
Different cultures

Extrapersonal:
Flood, war, recession

38
Q

Describe Intra-, Inter-, and Extra-, stressors within the developmental variable

A

Intrapersonal:
Adolescence, aging, pregnancy

Interpersonal:
Parent, child

Extrapersonal:
AARP

39
Q

Describe Intra-, Inter-, and Extra-, stressors within the spiritual variable

A

Intrapersonal:
Values conflict, lack of purpose, lack of direction

Interpersonal:
Values conflict

Extrapersonal:
Values conflict

40
Q

What is the overall goal of the NSM?

A

Goal is to keep client system stable

Nursing actions are initiated to retain, attain, and maintain optimal client health using prevention as intervention

41
Q

What is primary prevention?

A

Wellness retention; protect client’s NLD by strengthening flexible line of defense

42
Q

What is secondary prevention?

A

Wellness attainment; protect basic structure by strengthening internal lines of resistance

43
Q

What is tertiary prevention?

A

Wellness maintenance; protects client system reconstitution or return to wellness following treatment.

44
Q

What are some of Florence Nightingales contributions to nursing?

A

Recognizing two components of nursing (health and wellness)

Established standards for hospital management and standards for nursing education

Identifying personal needs of the patient

45
Q

What is the definition of a nurse?

A

“Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations.” ANA

Lvl 1 - Concepts (1 decks)

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