Concepts, quotes, odd words etc. Flashcards

For Swedish and English (122 cards)

1
Q

Pelota

A

Spanish: “ball”. Also called Pilota or Pelote Basque.

Any of a number of glove, racket, or bat court games requiring a rubber-cored ball.

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2
Q

Semaphore

A

Method of visual signaling, usually by means of flags or lights.

Before the invention of the telegraph, semaphore signaling from high towers was used to transmit messages between distant points.

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3
Q

Képi

A

A hat the shape of a cylinder with a flat top and a small brim at the front. It’s been used in the military and makes me think of the people who used to operate elevators at hotels.

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4
Q

Irredentism

A

Politiskt strävande att förena ett område, med en etnisk minoritet, med annat område, med etnisk majoritet.

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5
Q

Assent

A

The expression of approval or agreement.

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6
Q

Tautology

A

The saying of the same thing twice over in different words, generally considered to be a fault of style.

or

Logic: A statement that is true by necessity or by virtue of its logical form.

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7
Q

Akratic

A

Characterized by weakness of will, resulting in action against one’s better judgement.

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8
Q

Repudiate

A

Refuse to accept; reject.

Refuse to fulfil or discharge (an agreement, obligation, or debt).

Deny the truth or validity of.

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9
Q

Polysemous

A

Polysemy is the capacity for a sign to have multiple meanings, usually related by contiguity of meaning within a semantic field. Polysemy is thus distinct from homonymy—or homophony—which is an accidental similarity between two words; while homonymy is often a mere linguistic coincidence, polysemy is not

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10
Q

Precipitous

A

Dangerously high or steep.

(of an action) done suddenly and without careful consideration.

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11
Q

Karooshi

A

Japanese for death by (over)work.

Occupational sudden mortality with the medical cause usually being heart attack or stroke due to stress or starvation diet.

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12
Q

Quote about lying to yourself by Richard Feynman

A

“The first principle is that you must not fool yourself and you are the easiest person to fool.”

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13
Q

Hidebound

A

Being held back from growing or changing because of traditions, a rigid culture, or cemented assumptions

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14
Q

ehuru

A

trots att, fastän

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15
Q

Husgeråd

A

Redskap etc. för den dagliga verksamheten i sitt hem

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16
Q

Dialektisk

Motsats?

A

Argumenterar genom att väga skäl och motskäl, gärna på ett skickligt sätt.

Motsats: Mekanisk

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17
Q

Sionismen

A

En rörelse som spelade en av­görande roll för bildandet av staten Israel

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18
Q

Occident

A

Ett gammalt ord för västerlandet, Europa.

Motsatsen till orienten.

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19
Q

Quote by Arthur Miller regarding life

A

An era can be said to end when its basic illusions are exhausted

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20
Q

Quote by Robert Heinlein about what a human should be able to do

A

“A human being should be able to change a diaper, plan an invasion, butcher a hog, conn a ship, design a building, write a sonnet, balance accounts, build a wall, set a bone, comfort the dying, take orders, give orders, cooperate, act alone, solve equations, analyze a new problem, pitch manure, program a computer, cook a tasty meal, fight efficiently, die gallantly. Specialization is for insects.”

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21
Q

Quote by Jerry Sternin about how to change

A

“It’s easier to act your way into a new way of thinking, than think your way into a new way of acting.”

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22
Q

Ecological

A

Relating to or concerned with the relation of living organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.

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23
Q

Impetuous

A

Marked by force and violence of movement or action

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24
Q

Zugzwang

A

From chess.

Putting your opponent in a position where any move he makes will destroy his position.

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25
Inclement
Lacking mildness. Severe in temper or action. Physically severe, e.g. inclement weather.
26
Incipient
Beginning to come into being or to become apparent
27
Koan
A paradox to be meditated upon that is used to train Zen Buddhist monks to abandon ultimate dependence on reason and to force them into gaining sudden intuitive enlightenment
28
Acumen
Keenness and depth of perception
29
Cinch
1) A strap that holds a saddle on a horse | 2) A tight grip
30
Eclectic
Composed of elements drawn from various sources
31
Squelching
To completely suppress
32
Mobbed
To crowd about and attack or annoy
33
Lilting
Characterized by a rhythmical swing or cadence
34
Mendacious
Given to or characterized by deception or falsehood or divergence from absolute truth
35
Besotted
Blindly or utterly infatuated Intoxicated or stupefied especially with drink
36
Raucous
Disagreeably harsh or strident Boisterously disorderly
37
Subterfuge
Deception by artifice or stratagem in order to conceal, escape, or evade A deceptive device or stratagem
38
What's the quote form the book "thinking in bets" regarding IQ and biased reasoning
"Even research communities of highly intelligent and well-meaning individuals can fall prey to confirmation bias, as IQ is positively correlated with the number of reasons people find to support their own side in an argument."
39
The Rashomon Effect
When different people give different accounts of the same event because they are informed by different facts and perspectives.
40
Reticent
Inclined to be silent or uncommunicative in speech. Reserved Restrained in expression, presentation, or appearance
41
Precocious
Exceptionally early in development or occurrence Exhibiting mature qualities at an unusually early age
42
If I say I'll substitute candy for apples, what do I have? What do I get?
I have apples and I get candy.
43
Temporal discounting
The tendency to favor our present self for our future self.
44
What did Nietzsche say about remorse?
Remorse is "adding to the first act of stupidity a second"
45
What did Thoreau say about regret?
"Make the most of your regrets; never smother your sorrow, but tend and cherish it till it comes to have separate and integral interest. To regret deeply is to live afresh"
46
Echelon
A flight formation in which each airplane flies at a certain elevation above or below and at a certain distance behind and to the right or left of the airplane ahead
47
Perpendicular
A line is said to be perpendicular to another line if the two lines intersect at a right angle.
48
Fratricide
One that murders or kills his or her own brother or sister or an individual (such as a countryman) having a relationship like that of a brother or sister.
49
Derision
The use of ridicule or scorn to show contempt
50
Cordon
A line of persons or objects around a person or place
51
Harebrained
Absurd, ridiculous
52
Femur
The proximal bone of the hind or lower limb that extends from the hip to the knee
53
Proximal
Next to or nearest the point of attachment or origin, a central point, or the point of view
54
Congenital
Existing at or dating from birth Constituting an essential characteristic
55
Hypertrophy
Exaggerated growth or complexity
56
Naive
Deficient in worldly wisdom or informed judgment
57
Uomo Universale
The Universal Man, Renaissance man, Polymath
58
Lachrymal
of, relating to, or marked by tears of, relating to, or being glands that produce tears
59
Suffusion
To spread over or through in the manner of fluid or light
60
Paroxysms
A fit, attack, or sudden increase or recurrence of symptoms
61
Rabelaisian
Marked by gross robust humor, extravagance of caricature, or bold naturalism
62
Horse sense
Common sense
63
Ideation
The capacity for or the act of forming or entertaining ideas
64
Righteous indignation
Reactive emotion of anger over mistreatment, insult, or malice of another
65
Bathos
Exceptional commonplaceness Insincere or overdone pathos
66
Consternation
Amazement or dismay that hinders or throws into confusion
67
Mirth
Gladness or gaiety as shown by or accompanied with laughter
68
Tumescent
Somewhat swollen
69
Ding an sich
Thing-in-itself
70
Deus ex machina
A person or thing (as in fiction or drama) that appears or is introduced suddenly and unexpectedly and provides a contrived solution to an apparently insoluble difficulty
71
Peerage
A book containing a list of peers with their genealogy, history, and titles
72
Inertial
Synonym: idleness
73
Epigram
A concise poem dealing pointedly and often satirically with a single thought or event and often ending with an ingenious turn of thought
74
Hanlon's razor
Never attribute to malice that which is adequately explained by stupidity.
75
Entomologist
A branch of zoology that deals with insects
76
Saturnalia
An unrestrained often licentious celebration
77
Licentious
Lacking legal or moral restraints | especially : disregarding sexual restraints
78
Neurasthenia
A condition that is characterized especially by physical and mental exhaustion usually with accompanying symptoms (such as headache and irritability), is of unknown cause but is often associated with depression or emotional stress, and is sometimes considered similar to or identical with chronic fatigue syndrome
79
Animism
Belief in the existence of spirits separable from bodies
80
Lamarckism
A theory of organic evolution asserting that environmental changes cause structural changes in animals and plants that are transmitted to offspring
81
Asyntactic
Not syntactic
82
Syntactic
Of, relating to, or according to the rules of syntax or syntactics
83
Desiccated
Dried up Preserved by drying
84
Felicitous
Very well suited or expressed
85
Palimpsest
Writing material (such as a parchment or tablet) used one or more times after earlier writing has been erased. Something having usually diverse layers or aspects apparent beneath the surface
86
Traduce
To expose to shame or blame by means of falsehood and misrepresentation
87
Bone
To rub (something, such as a boot or a baseball bat) with something hard (such as a piece of bone) in order to smooth the surface
88
Hitch
To move by jerks or with a tug
89
Garrulous
Excessively talkative, especially on trivial matters
90
Amphigory
A nonsense verse; a rigmarole, with apparent meaning, which on further attention proves to be meaningless
91
Tropism
Involuntary orientation by an organism or one of its parts that involves turning or curving by movement or by differential growth and is a positive or negative response to a source of stimulation
92
Solipsism
A theory holding that the self can know nothing but its own modifications and that the self is the only existent thing also : extreme egocentrism
93
Tentatively
With hesitancy or uncertainty : in a tentative manner
94
Artifice
Clever or artful skill : INGENUITY | … believing that characters had to be created from within rather than with artifice.
95
Surreptitious
Done, made, or acquired by stealth Acting or doing something clandestinely
96
Glasnost och perestroika
Öppenhet och omstrukturering
97
Predecessors to CIA
Coordination of Information (COI) in 1941, later Office of Strategic Service (OSS) and then CIA
98
Polonium- 210
A radioactive element that is deadly if ingested. Used in assassinations
99
Bafflegab
wordy and generally unintelligible jargon
100
Intransigent
Characterized by refusal to compromise or to abandon an often extreme position or attitude
101
Apocryphal
Of doubtful authenticity
102
Helmuth Karl Bernhard Graf[1] von Moltke
The chief of staff of the Prussian Army for thirty years, he is regarded as the creator of a new, more modern method of directing armies in the field
103
Heliotropa växter
Växter vars blad eller blommor vrider sig för att följa solens bana.
104
Endogen
Händelse eller ett objekt som härrör inifrån ett system.
105
Canker
(1) : an erosive or spreading sore (2) : an area of necrosis in a plant (3) : a source of corruption or debasement
106
sophisms
an argument apparently correct in form but actually invalid | especially : such an argument used to deceive
107
equipoise
1 : a state of equilibrium | 2 : COUNTERBALANCE
108
approbation
1 an act of approving formally or officially | 2 obsolete : PROOF
109
elisions
1 : the use of a speech form that lacks a final or initial sound which a variant speech form has (such as 's instead of is in there's) 2 : the omission of an unstressed vowel or syllable in a verse to achieve a uniform metrical pattern 3 : the act or an instance of omitting something
110
similitude
``` 1a : COUNTERPART, DOUBLE b : a visible likeness : IMAGE 2 : an imaginative comparison : SIMILE 3a : correspondence in kind or quality b : a point of comparison ```
111
censures
1 : a judgment involving condemnation unorthodox practices awaiting the censure of the city council 2 : the act of blaming or condemning sternly The country faces international censure for its alleged involvement in the assassination. 3 : an official reprimand The lawyer's misconduct resulted in a letter of censure from the judge. 4 archaic : OPINION, JUDGMENT
112
caprice
1a : a sudden, impulsive, and seemingly unmotivated notion or action policy changes that seem to be motivated by nothing more than caprice b : a sudden usually unpredictable condition, change, or series of changes the caprices of the weather 2 : a disposition to do things impulsively
113
mart
1 archaic : a coming together of people to buy and sell : FAIR entry 2 sense 1 2 obsolete : the activity of buying and selling
114
pecuniary
1 : consisting of or measured in money pecuniary aid pecuniary gifts 2 : of or relating to money
115
bowers
1 : an attractive dwelling or retreat 2 : a lady's private apartment in a medieval hall or castle 3 : a shelter (as in a garden) made with tree boughs or vines twined together :
116
tumour
1 : an abnormal benign or malignant new growth of tissue that possesses no physiological function and arises from uncontrolled usually rapid cellular proliferation — called also neoplasm 2 : a swollen or distended part
117
Mæcenas
a generous patron especially of literature or art
118
exigence
1 : that which is required in a particular situation —usually used in plural exceptionally quick in responding to the exigencies of modern warfare — D. B. Ottaway 2a : the quality or state of being exigent b : a state of affairs that makes urgent demands a leader must act in any sudden exigency
119
succour
1 : RELIEF also : AID, HELP 2 : something that furnishes relief
120
vivacious
lively in temper, conduct, or spirit
121
latitude
1 : angular distance from some specified circle or plane of reference: such as a : angular distance north or south from the earth's equator measured through 90 degrees an island located at 40 degrees north latitude b : a region or locality as marked by its latitude c : angular distance of a celestial body from the ecliptic 2 : freedom of action or choice students are allowed considerable latitude in choosing courses 3a : SCOPE, RANGE b : the range of exposures within which a film or plate will produce a negative or positive of satisfactory quality 4 archaic : extent or distance from side to side : WIDTH
122
integrity
1 : firm adherence to a code of especially moral or artistic values : INCORRUPTIBILITY 2 : an unimpaired condition : SOUNDNESS 3 : the quality or state of being complete or undivided : COMPLETENESS