Conceptualising mental disorders and providing effective strategies

Question 1

Model of good clinical practice

Answer 1

1. Identify complaints 2. Define diagnosis/complaints 3. Define management plan 4. Implement management plan 5. Measure outcome- If not the desired outcome need to consider->was the diagnosis correct? was the treatment appropriate for diagnosis?

Question 2

Clusters of prinsipal disorders

Answer 2

1. Neurocognitive
2. Neurodevelopmental
3. Psychosis
4. Emotional
5. Externalising

Question 3

Neurocognitive cluster

Answer 3

Delirium

Dementias

Amnesia

Characterisation->neural substrate deicits, decreased basic mental functions

Genetic in origin, elderly

Question 4

Neurodevelopmental cluster

Answer 4

Intellectual disability

Learning/motor/communication disorders

Autism spectrum

From birth, some genetic, perinatal, most unknown origin

Intellectual disability services

Question 5

Psychosis cluster

Answer 5

Schizophrenia

Bipolar

Psychotic

Personality (paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal)

Reality distortion, biomarkers for stimulus processing deficits

Not common, adolescence/young adult

Antipsychotics, psychosocial

Question 6

Emotional cluster

Answer 6

Depressive

Panic

Phobias

GAD

OCD

Body dysmorphic

PTSD

Dissociative

Adjustment

Somatoform

Eating disorders

Personality (dependant, avoidant, OC)

Temperamental antecedent of negative affectivity (neuroticism) in all internalising

Most common, late adolescence, >female

Inheritance neurotic, adverse experiences

CBT, SSRI

Question 7

Externalising cluster

Answer 7

Substance use

Impulse control

Conduct disorder

ADHD

Personality (antisocial, borderline, narcissistic)

Temperamental antecedent of disinhibition

Common, late adolescent, >male

Sociocultural + temperament of disinhibition