Conclusions Flashcards
What helps to explain the peculiar nature of Henry VII’s reign?
the fact many historians believed that he never considered himself fully secure as a monarch given his weak claim to the throne and others who seemed poised to bring him down
What was important about Henry VII’s death which was tribute to is political skill that characterised his reign?
it was followed by the first untroubled succession in almost a century
What led Henry VIII’s reign to be viewed as tyrannical?
from his frequent resort to the execution of those who had displeased him such as Wolsey and Cromwell
The scope of parliamentary legislation undoubtedly expanded during the reign of Henry VIII, however sovereignty arguably rested where rather than with the king as an individual?
King in Parliament structure
Despite the difficulties and potential danger of the mid-tudor years when the minor, Edwards VI, and catholic female, Mary I held the throne, what survived?
respect and loyalty to the royal authority
What was fortunate about Elizabeth I’s succession?
it was unquestioned as laid down by Henry VIII’s will
What suggests that male rule is no more popular than a woman’s?
as by the time of Elizabeth’s death the courtiers were ready for a male heir however James I seemed somewhat ineffectual and who’s rule quickly became the object of criticism
Under Henry VII, government was broadly efficient , especially when it came to what?
the collection of revenue
Under Henry VII, government was broadly efficient , especially when it came to the collection of revenue; however this efficiency came at the expense of what?
popularity
Henry VIII repudiated his father’s legacy and governed extravagantly. He as well struggled to adopt a consistent approach to government; how is this clear?
as he twice sought to govern with the aid of a chief minister in the form of Wolsey and Cromwell, both from humble origins who fell from favour
How did Wolsey and Cromwell fall from favour?
as a resilt of their being brought down by members of the conservative nobility whose traditional predominance they had temporarily usurped
By the end of Henry VIII’s reign his record as a monarch was flawed as the benefits of the Crown from the acquistion of much of the wealth of the Church was thrown away, why?
in pursuit of a futile foreign policy paid for by land sales and the disastrous debasement of the currency
While Henry VIII had demonstrated his power by bringing about the break with Rome of the English Church, how is his lack of a clear vision apparent?
from his inability to drive a clear vision of what form the English Church might take which caused much confusion and placed his successors in much difficulty to establish this
What was perhaps Elizabeth’s greatest domestic achievement
That Elizabeth was able to in some measure resolve the confusion of religion under Henry VIII and then Edward and Mary is perhaps her greatest domestic achievement.
Elizabeth’s government had fundamental weaknesses such as what in particular?
Her failure to undertake necessary institutional reform which had subsequently left problems of her successor, James I, which he was never able to satisfactrotily resolve
At the start of the Tudor period, Henry VII’s emphasis for most of the reign was on peaceful coexistence with his continental neighbours, This policy attitude was shaped by two fundamental factors. Which were?
- His reluctance to spend money on foreign wars and
2. the primary of his aim to maintain the security of his dynasty
At the start of the Tudor period, Henry VII’s emphasis for most of the reign was on peaceful coexistence with his continental neighbours, why did this anger much of the nobility?
as they believed it to be their traditional right to pursue glory by waging war, particularly against the French
the nobility broadly welcomed Henry VIII as he provided them with oppurtinities for glory however this saw the governments finances deplete, what added to the existing inflationary pressures?
the policy of debasement
Unsuccessful and expensive military activities marred the reigns of whom? (2)
Edward (sccotish policy) and Mary (loss of Calais)
What provoked rebellion in 1554?
Mary’s proposed marriage to Philip of Spain
Elizabeth I having intervened on behalf of Protestant co-relgionists in Scotland and France in the early years of her reign became reluctant as her grandfather to get involved with foreign conflicts. What was one consequence with this reluctance in her intervention in the Netherlands?
It was perhaps too delayed and also dragged into a war against Spain
The victory over the Spanish Armada enhanced the prestige of the monarchy in a way which had not occurred since when?
since the reign of Henry V
The victory over the Spanish Armada enhanced the prestige of the monarchy in a way which had not occurred since the reign of Henry V. However why was this level of prestige not maintained?
as the war dragged on and Elizabeth had to raise an unprecedented level of vacation in order to finance the conflict which was unpopular given that the war was still ongoing even after her death
the economy was the context in which there was the least change. Internal trade continued to predominate. How did Elizabethan trade coincide with the religious priorties of her regime?
as it encouraged the exploitation of Protestant markets at the expense of Catholic Flanders, where alternative markets for cloth were made in the Netherlands and northern Germany
