CONCUSSION TERMS

Question 1

AIC

Answer 1

Alerations in Consciousness

Question 2

What is the difference between a victim and a survivor of Domestic Violence

Answer 2

survivor refers to those who have past experiences of IPV but are no longer in an abusive relationship

victim refers to individuals with current experi­ences of IPV

Question 3

Prevalent and consistent indicators of concussion are

Answer 3

(1) observed and documented disorientation or confusion immediately after the event,
2) impaired balance within 1 day after the injury,
(3) slower reaction time within 2 days after injury, and/or
(4) impaired verbal learning and memory within 2 days after injury.

Question 4

Prevalent and consistent indicators of concussion are

Answer 4

(1) observed and documented disorientation or confusion immediately after the event,
2) impaired balance within 1 day after the injury,
(3) slower reaction time within 2 days after injury, and/or
(4) impaired verbal learning and memory within 2 days after injury.

Question 5

Are military concussions different from sports concussions?

Answer 5

neuropathology appear indistinguishable
from sports concussion injuries I have seen.

Question 6

How is blast concussion produced?

Answer 6

The blast wind produces force that creates an acceleration and deceleration
of the head similar to a sports concussion (although the
magnitude of acceleration in a blast is much stronger than
that in a sports-related concussion).

Question 7

How long is the acute phase of recovery?

Answer 7

From time of insult to 7 days

Question 8

How long is the sub-acute phase of recovery?

Answer 8

7 days to 14 days

Question 9

How long is the chronic phase of recovery from a concussion?

Answer 9

14 days and longer

Question 10

What are the three recovery phases of a concussion?

Answer 10

acute, sub-acute, and chronic recovery phases

Question 11

Symptoms of sleep disturbance.

Answer 11

Multiple nightly awakenings

Feeling fatigued on awakening

Question 12

Attributes of a concussion:

Answer 12

• follows a force to the head,
• may be accompanied by temporary LOC,
• is identified in awake individuals, and
• includes measures of neurologic and cognitive dysfunction

Question 13

Attributes of a concussion:

Answer 13

• follows a force to the head,
• may be accompanied by temporary LOC,
• is identified in awake individuals, and
• includes measures of neurologic and cognitive dysfunction

Question 14

What is the MOST COMPEX organ in the body?

Answer 14

THE BRAIN

Question 15

What is a subconcussive head IMPACT?

Answer 15

A HEAD IMPACT that does not result in a clinical concussion, meaning that there are no IMMEDIATE SYMPTOMS

Question 16

Lasting cognitive and behavioral consequences

Question 17

Alteration in function

Answer 17

Instead of increase or decrease

Question 18

Meta-analysis of DTI shows variable findings, REASON?

Answer 18

Timing of study - acute subacute or chronic or long-term
Difference in technique
Difference in injury -

Question 19

What are ASSOCIATED cognitive or behavioral Defects

Question 20

What is likely one of the first symptoms of a concussion that make it difficult to report what happened?

Answer 20

Disorientation or confusion immediately after the event.

Question 21

Supported by study that combined DTI, neurocognitive tests and eye movement measurements.

Answer 21

Structure or physical
functional
bio-marker

Question 22

Eyemovement recordings are bio-maker for what?

Answer 22

Variability

Attention
Brain insult

Question 23

What is the research organization for concussions?

Answer 23

Brain Trauma Foundation

Question 24

What immediate symptoms can a concussive blow cause?

Answer 24

dizziness
blackout
see stars
disorientated
confusion

Question 25

What is Ataxia?

Answer 25

'Ataxia' is defined as abnormality of balance/stability, motor coordination or dysfunctional speech caused by a neurological issue.

Answer 26

Diffuse axonal injury is the shearing (tearing) of the **brain's long connecting nerve fibers (axons)** that happens when the brain is injured as it **shifts and rotates inside the bony skull**. DAI usually causes coma and injury to many different parts of the brain.

Question 27

What is Pathophysiology

Answer 27

**the study of abnormal changes in body functions that are the causes, consequences, or concomitants of injury or disease processes**.

Question 28

How can one hit cause two critical incidents in a concussion?

Answer 28

First, at the initial impact and again when the head hits the ground. Either or both together can determine the type, severity and prognosis of the injury.

Question 29

Is loss of consciousness (LOC) necessary for brain injury to occur?

Answer 29

No

Question 30

How is congitive functionaing assessed?

Answer 30

Neuropsychological tests that show reasonable reliability and validity

Question 31

3 features of SEVERE BRAIN INJURY

Answer 31

LOC (\> 24 hours) Coma Amnesia - more than a week Positive CT scan

Question 32

3 features of MODERATE TBI

Answer 32

· LOC - less than 24 hour · Amnesia - 1-7 days · Positive Scans

Question 33

operational definition of mTBI

Answer 33

patients with histories of head traumas within 36 h of injuries Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores of 14–15 no abnormal findings on head CT scans satisfaction of at least one of the following criteria (1) Loss of Consciousness (LOC) lasting less than 30min, (2) Post Traumatic Amnesia (PTA) lasting 24 h, (3) Presence of any of the neurological symptoms like headaches, dizziness, seizures, and visual blurring. was kept uniform and included

Question 34

NSI

Answer 34

Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory