Conditions Flashcards
(18 cards)
Ligament Sprains 1st degree
only a few ligament fibres torn, ligaments stretched but not permanent, no increase in joint laxity
-pain with stretching Ligament, joint swollen, inflammation and bruising, muscles around joint in spasm, client can continue activity
-R.I.C.E, activity modification, knee brace/support
-6 days - 2 weeks downtime
ligament Sprains 2nd dregree
more significant number of fibres torn, some degree of overstretching, some degree of joint laxity
- moderate/severe pain when ligament is stretched, moderate swelling, local spasm in surrounding muscles, snapping noise and joint gives way, difficulty continuing activity due to pain
- R.I.C.E, brace to return to activity
-4-8 weeks downtime
ligament sprain 3rd degree
ligament severely torn or ruptured, most or all fibres no longer intact, permanent changes in joint stability
- pain at time of injury but not after, swelling around affected joint, muscle spasm, snapping noise, client cannot continue activity
- Surgery, support devices to return to activity if necessary
4-6 months to heal from surgery, then up to 1 1/2 ro 2 years to Regina strength and proprioception but rarely comes back 100%
Muscle strains
usually result of eccentric contraction because of greater force produced
muscle strain 1st degree
few fibres torn
-minor Pain and weakness, minor swelling, back to normal activity levels quickly
-RICE, protections and support for activity
- 3-7 days downtime
muscle strain 2nd degree
more fibres torn
- more pain and weakness, moderate swelling and spasm, moderate to major disability
- RICE, restricted activity, graduated exercise progression, support for activity
- 1-3 weeks downtime
muscle strain 3rd degree
severe tear or complete rupture of muscle tendon unit
-pain at time of injury but not after, pronounced weakness or no function, surrounding muscle spasm or swelling
-RICE, immobilize area, restricted activity, surgery
4-6 weeks downtime
Contusions
direct blow to the muscle causing disruption in fibres and/or neurovascular supply.
bruising (ecchymosis) follows
hematoma can result
mild contusion
mild blow, minor crush of tissue
-little if any swelling, little loss of strength, local pain, minor disability
RICE, protection for activity
up to 4 days downtime
moderate contusion
swelling, discoloration, pain and spasm, loss of strength, moderate to major disability.
-RICE, restricted activity, protection for activity
1 week + downtime
severe contusion
possible visible deformity, extensive swelling and discoloration, severe pain and spasm, significant loss of strength, palpable deformity, major to severe disability.
- RICE, immobilization, begin weight bearing, restrict activity, final rehabilitation, protection form activity
3-6 weeks downtime
Patellofemoral Syndrome
Primarily caused by a patellar Tracking disorder. Occurs when imbalance of forces pull on the patella and the patella does not glide evenly.
Clarks sign and patellar mobility test and q angle greater than 18 degrees standing.
watch pressure, work lightly initially and build when you see what they can handle. Avoid full PROM with over pressure if painful.
focus on quads, patellar tendon, fascia, retinaculum, joint play for hip and ankle, mobilize patella.
Chondromalacia patellae
softening of the cartilage of the patella (the hyaline cartilage on the underside of the patella)
often starts with patellofemoral syndrome.
focused treatment on knee extensors stretching fascia connective tissues of the quads, stripping on the retinaculum while moving knee into flexion.
Patellar Tracking disorder
occurs when kneecap shifts out of pace as the leg bends or straightens.
Meniscal damage
damage by excessive compressive loads, crack, chip or tear.
twisting knee during weight bearing, chunk of cartilage dislodges to joint cavity. “Joint mouse”
Apley’s compression/distraction. McMurrays test
caution w/ pressure on lateral/medial side of knee. do not force PROM in flexion or extension.
terrible Triad most commonly involves…
most commonly involves damaged/trauma to medial Meniscus, medial Collateral Ligament, and anterior cruciate ligament.
Iliotibial band Friction Syndrome
overuse conditions caused by friction of ITB over lateral epicondyle of femur. Some people will have a small bursa between ITB and lateral epicondyle.
Modified ober’s test
nobles compression test
contraindicated pressure at distal ITB if pain is same as they experience
decrease TP in vastus lateralis/ITB fascia, decrease hypertonicity , decrease fascial restrictions, lengthen short muscles
