Conditions of the ‘Middle Passage’ Flashcards
(14 cards)
What was the Middle Passage of the triangular slave trade?
The transportation of enslaved people from Africa to the Americas.
What were the cramped conditions for enslaved people during the Middle Passage?
‘Tight pack’ conditions allocated less space per person than ‘loose pack’ conditions.
What was the impact of ‘tight pack’ conditions on enslaved people?
More enslaved people could be carried, but more would die en route.
How were enslaved people physically restrained on ships?
Chained together with shackles on ankles and manacles on wrists.
Where were enslaved people typically kept on ships?
Below decks, but allowed out for fresh air and exercise.
What types of abuse were common on ships during the Middle Passage?
Sexual and physical abuse.
What tasks did enslaved people perform on ships?
Cleaning decks, performing tasks, sometimes dancing or singing.
What was the typical diet of enslaved people during the Middle Passage?
Very poor, often consisting of rice or a type of porridge.
What health issues were common among enslaved people due to their conditions?
Disease was common, including dysentery and yellow fever.
What were the unsanitary conditions faced by enslaved people on ships?
Cramped space often covered in urine, vomit, and faeces.
What actions did enslaved people take to resist their captors on ships?
Revolts, attacking captors, jumping overboard, or refusing food.
What was the most common punishment for misbehavior among enslaved people?
Whipping.
What were some examples of extreme punishments for rebellious enslaved people?
Torture with thumbscrews and throwing the most rebellious overboard.
Fill in the blank: Enslaved people were often _______ to prevent revolt or suicide.
chained
