Conditions of the Orbit and Eyelid in Dogs Flashcards
What is exopthalmos?
Abnormal protusion of the eye from the orbit.
What is enopthalmos?
Abnormal recession of the eye in the orbit.
What is lagophthalmos?
Incomplete eyelid closure and globe coverage.
What is strabismus?
Eyes are not aligned towards the same object.
What is blepharospasm?
Spasm of orbicularis oculi muscle causing eyelid closure.
What is buphthalmos?
Enlargement of the globe due to glaucoma.
What are the typical signs of a space occupying lesion?
Unilateral exophthalmos, discharge, painful, unable to open mouth fully, acute onset.
Most common primary neoplasias (3) from orbit?
Mesenchymal tumour.
Epithelial tumour
Orbital meningioma.
What are the two types of orbital myositis?
Masticatory muscle myositis and extraocular muscle myositis.
How does extraocular muscle myositis present in the acute and chronic phase?
Bilateral exophalmos in the acute phase.
Enopthalmos and fibrosis in the chronic phase.
What is proptosis?
Eyelids trapped behind the equator of the globe.
Give three situations in which proptosis would lead to enucleation?
Ruptured globe.
3+ Extraocular muscles torn.
Complete hyphaema.
What are the four clinical signs of Horner’s Syndrome?
Miosis
Third eyelid protrusion
Enophthalmos
Ptosis
When would a transpalpebral approach be indicated in relation to enucleation (rather than transconjunctival)?
When there is infection or neoplastic cells on the surface.
What is the tear film made up of and where is each part made?
Mucin from goblet cells in the conjunctiva.
Lipid from Meiobomian glands.
