Conditions on the middle passage Flashcards
(14 cards)
What were the two types of packing conditions for enslaved people on ships?
‘Tight pack’ and ‘loose pack’ conditions
What was the consequence of ‘tight pack’ conditions for enslaved individuals?
More enslaved people could be carried, but more would die en route
How were enslaved people typically restrained on ships?
Chained to each other with shackles on ankles and manacles on wrists
Where were enslaved people usually kept on ships?
Below decks
What were enslaved people allowed to do for fresh air?
Come out for fresh air and exercise
What types of abuse were common on ships transporting enslaved people?
Sexual and physical abuse
What tasks did enslaved people perform on ships?
Cleaning the decks and other tasks, sometimes dancing or singing
Describe the diet of enslaved people on ships.
Very poor, often consisting of little food of low quality, like rice or porridge
What diseases were common among enslaved people due to poor living conditions?
Dysentery and yellow fever
What unsanitary conditions did enslaved people often endure?
Covered in urine, vomit, and faeces due to cramped space
What actions did enslaved people take to resist their captors?
Revolts, jumping overboard, or refusing food
What was the most common punishment for misbehavior among enslaved individuals?
Whipping
What are some examples of extreme punishments used on rebellious enslaved people?
Torture with thumbscrews, withholding food and water, throwing overboard
