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J Derm > Conditions summary > Flashcards

Conditions summary Flashcards

1
Q

comedones, erythema and scars on face, upper back and chest

teenage

A

acne

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2
Q

acne treatment (4 stages)

A
  1. lifestyle, oral contraceptive pill
  2. topical retinoid, benzoyl peroxide (if pustules), topical antibiotic
  3. PO antibiotics, topical retinoid
  4. PO retinoid (eg isotretinoin)
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3
Q

isotretinoin (acne treatment) side effects (4)

A

pregnancy contraindicated
suicidal thoughts
decreased vit A
dry skin (decreases sebaceous gland activity)

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4
Q

45 y/o female
erythema with nodules on face
no spots (comedones)
stressed

A

rosacea

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5
Q

rosacea treatment

A
  1. topical metronidazole
  2. PO antibiotic
  3. isotretinoin
  4. topical anti inflammatory
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6
Q

rash 7 days after new drug (eg penicillin)

A

type IV hypersensitivity cutaneous drug reaction

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7
Q

urticaria immediately after new drug (vancomycin)

A

type I hypersensitivity cutaneous drug reaction

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8
Q

rash under jewellery

A

contact irritant dermatitis

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9
Q

rash in response to chemical exposure

A

contact allergic dermatitis

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10
Q

6 y/o
asthma, rhinitis, food allergy
spongiosis and inflammatory infiltrate on histology
excoriations

A

chronic atopic eczema

chronic bc of excoriations

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11
Q

atopic eczema treatment

A
  1. emollients

2. topical steroids

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12
Q

red plaques in well defined discs

A

discoid eczema

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13
Q

monomorphic punched out lesions

A

herpes simplex virus infected dermatitis = eczema herpeticum

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14
Q

yellow crusting of dermatitis

A

staph aureus infection dermatitis

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15
Q

leg ulcer with dermatitis, hyperpigmentation and woody tethered skin

in gaiter area

A

venous leg ulcer

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16
Q

leg ulcer with ‘punched out’ lesions and absent pulses

A

arterial leg ulcer

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17
Q

treatment of leg ulcers

A
  1. compression stockings

2. topical steroid

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18
Q

elderly

small light brown patches on back of hand and face

A

actinic lentigines

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19
Q

normal (safe) small brown dots that arise <20 y/o

A

melanocytic naevi

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20
Q

white ring around mole/naevi

A

halo naevi

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21
Q

kid with red dot on face (looks like melanoma)

A

spitz naevi/benign juvenile melanoma

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22
Q

blisters
fragility
hyperpigmentation
hypertrichosis (abnormal hair growth all over body)
solar uticaria (induced by light)
morphoea (patches of hardened skin on face and hands)

A

porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) type 1

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23
Q

treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) type 1

A

relieve skin

fix underlying cause

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24
Q

blistering
skin fragility
acute phototoxicity (sensitivity to light)

A

general porphyria

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25
child easily sunburnt itchy skin phototoxicity
erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)
26
treatment of erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)
``` avoid sunlight, wear dark colours, sunscreen etc Dundee creams (zinc oxide) antioxidants ```
27
genetic poorly localised abdo pain psychotic symptoms - anxiety, depression, hallucinations seizures urinary symptoms not a derm condition lol
acute intermittent porphyria (AIP)
28
rheumatoid arthritis thin scaly plaques on extensor surfaces itchy nail pitting, onycholysis, subungal keratosis
psoriasis
29
psoriasis treatment (4)
emollients vit D analogues coal tar keratolytic
30
someone with v pale skin bc they dont have any melanin
albinism
31
young not common mole with; irregular border, 4 colours, diameter 8mm, asymmetrical changed in last month
melanoma
32
treatment of melanoma
elliptical excision biopsy | + chemo/radio/surgery
33
``` old person pearly nodule on neck appears over years (slow growing) common presentation 'picket fence' on histology ```
basal cell carcinoma
34
basal cell carcinoma treatment (2)
surgery (mohs) | vismodegib drug
35
what presents like eczema but doesnt go away with emollient cream
superficial basal cell carcinoma
36
appears over months (fast growing) in area of damaged skin previous actinic keratosis
squamous cell carcinoma
37
actinic keratosis or bowens disease (precancerous SSC lesions) treatment
cryotherapy | not surgery
38
thick/crusty/scaly skin on head/neck (precancerous SSC lesion)
actinic keratosis
39
female | red and scaly plaque on shin(precancerous SSC lesion)
bowens disease
40
'horn' on skin
squamous cell carcinoma
41
squamous cell carcinoma treatment (2)
elliptical excision biopsy | 5% imiquimod cream
42
elderly ``` new lesion; stuck on appearance warty surface well defined keratin pearls greasy appearance ``` 'horn cysts' on histology
benign seborrheic wart (basal cell papilloma)
43
treatment of benign seborrheic wart
probs nothing, it is benign so will not spread
44
yellow crusting of skin
staph aureus infection
45
treatment of staph aureus infection
flucloxacillin
46
necrotising fasciitis (small rash, excruciating pain) cellulitis impetigo red blistering skin
strep pyogenes infection
47
strep pyogenes infection treatment
penicillin or flucloxacillin
48
'ring appearance' around area of soggy skin (eg toes, groin, etc etc)
ringworm (tinea) infection
49
ringworm (tinea) infection treatment
clotrimazole cream
50
rash in skin folds (eg breast, groin, nappy area)
candida skin infection
51
candida skin infection treatment
clotrimazole cream
52
children generalised rash (most dense on trunk) fever red macular spots, itchy
chicken pox (varicella zoster virus)
53
chicken pox (varicella zoster virus) treatment
nothing
54
elderly dermatomal pain, rash and itch childhood chicken pox not vaccinated
shingles (reactivation of varicella zoster virus)
55
shingles treatment
acyclovir
56
pre school aged child mouth ulcers erythema multiforme (target lesions)
herpes simplex virus type 1 infection
57
herpes simplex virus type 1 infection treatment
acyclovir
58
small (1/2mm) fleshy, firm, umbilicated papules | look fluid filled but are solid
molluscum contagiosum
59
molluscum contagiosum treatment
nothing | liquid nitrogen
60
child raised lesion on hand not painful
wart (HPV)
61
treatment of warts (HPV) (2)
1. topical salicylic acid | 2. cryotherapy (liquid nitrogen)
62
preschool child rash/blistering at back of mouth loss of appetite
herpangina
63
treatment of herpangina
nothing
64
raised red rash on face and proximal limbs | looks like they've been slapped across the cheek
erythema infectiosum (slap cheek disease)
65
sheep farmer | fleshy nodule on hand
orf
66
orf treatment
nothing
67
``` painless ulcer (oral or genital) young adult ```
syphilis
68
syphilis treatment
IV penicillin
69
large symmetrical lesions | demarcated edges, light centre
tuberculoid leprosy
70
target/bullseye lesion
lyme disease
71
lyme disease treatment
doxycycline
72
care home intense itch rash in lines location - finger webs, back
scabies
73
scabies treatment
mlation lotion | benzyl benzoate
74
blistering in soles of feet, palms of hands and mouth | child
hand foot and mouth disease
75
red rash on trunk, cheeks, limbs white coating on tongue 'strawberry' tongue (red and swollen)
scarlet fever
76
scarlet fever treatment
penicillin
77
painful blisters burst easily leaves ulcerated lesions location - mouth mucosa, scalp, axilla etc positive nikolsky sign (top layer of skin pulls away when rubbed)
pemphigus vulgaris
78
elderly itchy blisters that cant burst negative nikolsky sign (top layer of skin doesnt pull away when rubbed)
bullous pemphigoid
79
pemphigus vulgaris treatment
steroids topical emollients topical steroids
80
bullous pemphigoid treatment
steroids topical emollients topical steroids AND ANTIBIOTICS (tetracycline) - this is different from pemphigus
81
coeliac disease - fatigue, bloating, change in bowel habit v itchy lesions papillary dermal microabscesses on histology
dermatitis herpetiformis
82
skin blistering in response to minor injury
epidermolysis bullosa
83
itchy flat topped papules on skin white lace pattern in oral mucosa histology; irregular saw-tooth acanthosis hypergranulosis lymphocytes
lichen planus
84
infantile seizures (in infants) ``` ash leaf macules shagreen patches fibromas pheochromocytoma (adrenal tumour) enamel pitting periungal fibroma longitudinal nail ridging ```
tuberose sclerosis
85
``` autosomal dominant neurofibromas axillary/inguinal freckling lisch nodules in eyes café au lait macules pheochormocytoma (adrenal tumour) ```
neurofibromatosis type 1
86
neurofibromatosis type 1 treatment
nothing
87
black person with white patches on skin
vitiligo
88
bleeding purple rash on skin strawberry naevi in children small bluish lesion
angioma
89
angioma treatment
nothing | laser therapy if requested
90
``` recent chest infection with antibiotics fever generalised erythema with blistering painful mouth erosions malaise ```
toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)

J Derm (23 decks)

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