Conflict and Tension ( 1894 - 1918 )

Question 1

Who was the German Chancellor from 1871 to 1890?

Answer 1

Otto von Bismarck

Question 2

True or False: Germany grew incredibly quickly under Bismarck’s leadership

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Why was Germany a threat to the balance of power in Europe?

Answer 3

• They had undergone rapid industrialisation and were seeing quick economic growth
• They had an experienced and strong military following the series of wars building up to unification in 1871

Question 4

What were Bismarck’s aims and how did he try and achieve them?

Answer 4

He aimed to consolidate Germany and avoid war. To do this he began a series of alliances with European powers.

Question 5

When was the Triple Alliance formed, and who was it formed between?

Answer 5

In 1882, between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy.

Question 6

What were the terms of the agreement in the Triple Alliance?

Answer 6

They would all support each other if attacked by France

Question 7

When was the League of Three Emperors formed and who was it formed between?

Answer 7

In 1872 between Russia, Germany, Austria-Hungary

Question 8

Which two countries in the League of Three Emperors had conflict between each other?

Answer 8

Russia and Austria-Hungary

Question 9

In what year was the Franco-Russian alliance formed?

Answer 9

1892

Question 10

What was the aim of Germany forming alliances with other countries?

Answer 10

Collective security; being allied with powerful countries deterred others from attacking you

Question 11

When was the Entente Cordiale signed and between who?

Answer 11

1904, Britain and France

Question 12

When did Russia join the Entente Cordiale, and what did it become following this?

Answer 12

1907, Triple Entente

Question 13

Who else were Russia allied with outside the Triple Entente?

Answer 13

Serbia

Question 14

Who else were Britain allied with outside the Triple Entente?

Answer 14

Belgium

Question 15

Give one reason why Britain wanted an alliance

Answer 15

• They were worried about Germany and viewed them as a threat to their empire and navy

Question 16

Give one reason why France wanted an alliance

Answer 16

• Worried about the growing power of Germany
• Wanted to take back Alsace-Lorraine from the Germans

Question 17

What was the aim of Weltpolitik?

Answer 17

To gain colonies and build up the German navy, transforming Germany into a global power.

Question 18

When was the First Moroccan crisis?

Answer 18

1905

Question 19

How did Germany anger France during the First Moroccan Crisis?

Answer 19

The Kaiser visited Morocco and decalred his support for Morrocco to declare independence from France

Question 20

When was the Algeciras Conference held?

Answer 20

1906

Question 21

Why was the Kaiser left humiliated after the Algerciras Conference?

Answer 21

Because all the countries at the conference backed France (excluding Austria-Hungary) forcing Germany to back down and leaving the Kaiser humiliated.

Question 22

Which alliance did the Algeciras conference lead to?

Answer 22

The Triple Entente

Question 23

Why did Germany prepare for war after the Algeciras conference?

Answer 23

They felt as though they were being ganged up on

Question 24

Paragraph question: Describe the events of the First Moroccan Crisis

Answer 24

• Mention that it occurred in 1905 with the Kaiser visiting Tangier.
• Kaiser promised to defend Morocco, angering France who had an agreement to protect Morocco
• Mention the Algeciras conference
• All countries (excluding Austria-Hungary) backed France leaving the Kaiser humiliated
• Led to the Triple Entente being signed to prevent war
• Germany prepared for war as they felt they were being ganged up on

Question 25

When did the Second Moroccan Crisis occur?

Answer 25

1911

Question 26

What was the name of the gunboat that the Kaiser sent to Morocco?

Answer 26

The Panther

Question 27

Why did the British view the launching of the Panther as a threat to their naval supremacy

Answer 27

They believed that the Kaiser wanted to set up a naval base in Morocco

Question 28

What was the result of the 2nd Moroccan Crisis?

Answer 28

Germany backed down in return 100,000 square miles of the French Congo leaving them humiliated

Question 29

What did the Moroccan Crises show Britain and France about Germany?

Answer 29

That they could not be trusted

Question 30

Why did Germany develop their armed forces after the Moroccan crises?

Answer 30

They were determined to show Germany’s strength and had vowed not to back down after having done so twice already.

Question 31

Paragraph question: Describe the events of the Second Moroccan Crisis

Answer 31

• Took place in 1911 • France took over Morocco, defending the Sultan against riots and rebellion, violating the terms of the Algeciras conference. • Germany sent a gunboat (the panther) in response to protect German citizens in Morocco • Britain saw this as a threat to naval supremacy, thinking Germany wanted to set up a naval base in Morocco •Germany backed down in return for 100,000 square miles of the french congo, leaving germany humiliated

Question 32

How did Bismarck carry out his aim to isolate France?

Answer 32

Formed the Triple Alliance Italy and Austria-Hungary

Question 33

What were the terms of Germany and Russia’s Reinsurance Treaty and when was it signed?

Answer 33

1887, if one of them went to war the other agreed to stay neutral

Question 34

What events led to the Franco-Russian alliance?

Answer 34

Bismarck’s resignation. His successor did not want to continue the alliance with Russia

Question 35

Why was the Franco Russian alliance a threat to Germany?

Answer 35

If there was a war they would be attacked from the West and the East

Question 36

What war did the German states win which led to unification?

Answer 36

Franco Prussian

Question 37

Why did Austria Hungary oppose Balkan Nationalism?

Answer 37

They feared that the Balkans in their own empire might want to break away from

Question 38

When did the Balkan Crisis start?

Answer 38

1908

Question 39

What was the Eastern Question?

Answer 39

The concern that the collapse of the Ottoman Empire could lead to tensions between Austria-Hungary and Russia

Question 40

What did Austria Hungary do to anger Russia during the Balkan Crisis?

Answer 40

Entered Bosnia without Russian approval

Question 41

What was the conclusion to the Balkan Crisis?

Answer 41

Austria Hungary paid compensation to the Ottoman Empire for taking Bosnia

Question 42

Why wouldn’t Russia go to war with Austria Hungary?

Answer 42

Germany said they would back them

Question 43

Who was involved in the Balkan wars?

Answer 43

Serbia, Greece, Albania and Bulgaria allied against the Ottoman

Question 44

Why did the Balkan League break down?

Answer 44

Disagreements over who should get the different parts of the freed territory

Question 45

How did the alliance system contribute to tension?

Answer 45

Divided Europe into two

Question 46

What was Britains policy of splendid isolation?

Answer 46

They wanted to stay out of European politics and focus on its overseas colonies

Question 47

What forced Britain out of splendid isolation?

Answer 47

German military expansion, and their humiliating defeat in the Anglo Boer war

Question 48

What was the Scramble for Africa?

Answer 48

A mad rush to seize land in Africa in the 1890s

Question 49

Name 2 ways in which Anglo German rivalry was made apparent

Answer 49

- Colonial Tensions in the scramble for africa - The Arms Race

Question 50

When was Franz Ferdinand killed?

Answer 50

28 June 1914

Question 51

Who was Franz Ferdinand?

Answer 51

Heir to the Austro Hungarian throne

Question 52

Who shot Franz Ferdinand

Answer 52

A Bosnian-Serb, Gavrillo Princip

Question 53

How did Austria Hungary respond to the assassination?

Answer 53

They asked for Germanys help to attack Serbia and recieved support in the form of a blank cheque

Question 54

How did Serbia respond to the assassination?

Answer 54

Asked for Russian support against the threat of Austria Hungary and Germany