Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Modern History > Conflict in Europe > Flashcards

Conflict in Europe Flashcards

(92 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Causes of the conflict

A

Collapse of collective security
German rearmament
Nazi ideology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Aims and strategies

A

Blitzkrieg
Civilian bombing
Total war
Amphibias warfare
Code breaking
Espionage
Deception
Submarine warfare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Turing point meaning

A

Long term shift in one or more factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Allied victory

A

Permanent or irreversible point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Turning points

A

Kursk
Stalingrad
Dunkirk
Battle of France
Battle of Britain
D day
America intro to war
North Africa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Factors by which to judge turning points

A

Morale
Technology
Strategy
Leadership
Momentum
Resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Impact on civilians

A

Civilian bombing
Gender roles
Conscription

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The holocaust

A

Camp systems ideology extermination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Richard overey on German economic and industrial advantage

A

Still had to fight the war
Aggressors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

League of Nations when

A

1920

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why was the League of Nations created and where

A

Woodrow Wilson fourteen points
Paris peace conference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why did the league fail

A

Failure at collective security
No clear action against Abyssinia and Spain civil war
USA doesn’t join

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Invasion of Abyssinia

A

1935
Mussolini expanding italys empire
Abyssinia rich in resources and surrounded by Italian territory
Invasion occurred without declaration of war

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happened in LON after Abyssiania

A

League puts slow economic sanctions not oil wanted to keep Italy onside
Italy leaves following invasion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Spanish Civil war when and why

A

1936-39
Between socialist republicans and facist nationalists
LON refused to interfere - Hitler sent aid to Mussolini,
- consolidated Germany and Italy
- Highlighted LON incapacity
- Non-intervention championed by Britain and France
-Soviet assisted Republicans, seed of mistrust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What was teh significance of the Nazi Soviet Nonaggression pact and when

A

1939, Allowed Germany to invade Poland unopposed by Soviets. Allowed Soviets to build up and prepare, expand sphere in Eastern Europe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What was the Goals of German Foreign policy

A
  • Unification of German speaking people. Volksgemeinschaft, and destroy sub humans
  • Lebensraum and Autarky (self sufficiency)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What was Hitler’s foreign policy when he gained power in 1933

A

Aggressive, threatened peace in Europe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When did Hitler start to rearm Germany

A

1935 - army increased to 550 000 men, reintroduced conscription and increase in production of planes and warships (not allowed under TOV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What did remilitarization give Germany

A

Capacity to undertake aggressive foreign policy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How did Hitler expand German Territory before WW2

A

Anschluss - Austria, March 1938, LON protest but no action, peaceful
Sudetenland - 1938 September
Invasion of Czechoslovakia - March 1939
Poland September 1939 begin ww2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When was Anschluss

A

March 1938

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When was Sudetenland obtained by Hitler and why/how

A

1938 September
Sudetenland - part of Czechoslovakia, Munich agreement 1938

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Why did Neville Chamberlain say peace in our time?

A

Munich Agreement 1938

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
When was Czechoslovakia invaded
March 1939
26
When did WW2 begin
September 1 1939
27
When did Hitler take the Rhineland
March 1936 - violates TOV - little international resistance emboldened Hitler
28
What were Hitlers main aims of Foreign policy
Rearmament Expansion Fight communism
29
Impact of Nazi ideology on German Foreign policy
Lebensraum Race - taking over the east, Soviet Union Not invading 'white anglo' countries - eg britain (not serious invasion)
30
When did Germany leave the LON
Oct 4 1933
31
when and what was the anti-comintern pact
NOV 25 1937 Alliance Germany, Italy and Japan, against communism
32
German strategy in invasion of Poland
Pincer movements and meeting in major cities, BLITZKRIEG
33
What does blitzkrieg stand for
Lightning war
34
What was sitzkrieg/ phony war
period after invasion of Poland ended may 1940
35
When was the invasion of the low countries, and which were they
Belgium and Netherlands, Holland, may 1940
36
What strategic advantage did Germany use in invading France/ failure of allies
Ineffective communication prevented successful allied counter attack Blitzkrieg vs static warfare
37
Invasion of france when and how
Spring 1940, French outdated tactics, Panzers moving through - Ardennes split Allie line Maginot line in two
38
What was the Maginot line
Strong defensive line on France and German border
39
When and what was the Dunkirk evacuation
May 26, 1940 - June 4 Evacuation of BEF from port of Dunkirk, after being forced back by Germans. Hitler halts Panzers, to avoid damage - saves British
40
How was Dunkirk carried out, and wat was the cost
Evacuation by sea, civilian vessels British lost rest of heavy weapons
41
When did France sign armistice and where
22 June 1940, signed in same rail car as TOV
42
What was the significance of the battle of britain
Boosts British resolve, Britain not invaded, RAF not destroyed, First allied victory in ww2
43
What German strategic over sight was seen in the blitz
Failed to bomb radar systems and anti-war towers, RAF used this to beat Luftwaffe.
44
Why was the allied bombing of Germany effective
Strategic bombing raids on industrial and military targets - US aided this by resource power once they joined Depletion of oil reserves
45
When was Operation Barbarossa
22/6/1941 - 5/12/1941
46
What was the aim of operation Barbarossa
Capture Soviet Unions vast economic resources, and enslave its people. Capture three major cities moscow, Stalingrad, and Leningrad.
47
What was the A-A line
Strategic line which reached three key cities and seen as a good point for Nazi's to stop, as taking whole soviet union deemed impossible
48
How many casualties were there during operation Barbarossa
8 million,
49
What was operation Barbarossa's legacy
Largest and deadliest land war in history
50
What was the strategy of operation Barbarossa
Swift red army defeat, before onset of winter, BLITKRIEG
51
Why was the German army not provided winter coats for Operation Barbarossa
Expected to finish before winter
52
When was the battle of El Alamein
23 October 1942
53
Why was the second battle of El Alamein considered a turning point in ww2
Decisive victory for Allies, stopped the Axis advance in North Africa, preventing a full-scale invasion of Egypt and the Middle East. Allies control strategic location - suez canal
54
Why did Afrika corps not have sufficient resources
resources being pumped into russian campaign
55
What was the difference in women's experience in germany, Britain, soviet union
Germany - encouraged domesticity until 1943 Britain - Women joined voluntary services, and civil defense, Nursing, women royal navy service, women's auxiliary airforce Soviet - Women mandated work force and army
56
What was the difference in air raid experience in germany, Britain, soviet union
Germany - air raid wardens, implemented black outs, air raid shelters air raids were worse - bombing of Dresdon Britain - Anderson and Morrison shelters Soviet - Bombing from german luftwaffe
57
What was the difference in Total war experience in germany, Britain, soviet union
Germany - 1943 (due to necessity) Britain - 1939 Soviet - Total war demanded
58
What was the difference in Rationing of food experience in germany, Britain, soviet union
Germany - Ration cards printed in 1937 Britain - Victory gardens, conscription and rationing 1939 Soviet - Severe rationing, only essential workers guaranteed food - wide spread malnutrition
59
What was the difference in government power experience in germany, Britain, soviet union
Germany - NAZI enabling act Britain - Implementation emergency powers 1940, essential workers order 1941, treacheries act Soviet - Dictatorship
60
Why was operation Barbarossa a shock to Russian people and what reinstalled confidence
Propaganda in soviet union However Public sentiment shifted after red army halted german advance defending moscow
61
What was the difference in children evacuated experience in germany, Britain, soviet union
Germany - children evacuated out of cities Britain - 1.5 million children evacuated Soviet - sometimes not allowed to evacuate as Stalin thought this may boost soldiers resolve (leningrad)
62
How many homes were destroyed by Allied bombing
4 million homes, devastated german war effort
63
What was the difference in conscription experience in germany, Britain, soviet union
Conscription in all
64
What was the effect of the holocaust in occupied territories
ghettos created and 1941 final solution
65
einstazgruppen
mobile killing units
66
what was the blood lands and who said it
Timothy Snyder - Yale Historian Section where most of holocaust killing occupied in Nazi occupied territories
67
What was the impact of the holocaust on european war
- Diverted resources away from was effort - Use of slave labour to support war effort
68
What was the aim of D-DAY
Relieve pressure on soviet forces establish foothold in western europe prevent germany consolidating power
69
What was the fortress europe
german plan for europe
70
why were Russian tanks superior in last bit of war
faster to produce and 'good enough' T34 - turning point technology
71
When did Hitler commit suicide - and what did it do
30 April 1945, collapse of nazi leader ship
72
What did Churchhill say on VE day
we may allow ourselves a brief period of rejoicing
73
What and when was operation Bagration
June 1944, liberation of Eastern Europe and siege on Berlin
74
What and when was the liberation of France
May 8 1945, VE day
75
What and when was the battle of the bulge
16 December 1944, to January 1945, launched in Ardennes, initially german success, but ultimately depleted resources.
76
What was the strategic importance of the eastern fronts offensive
Forced Germany to fight a war on two fronts, critically weakening them
77
What was the strategic importance of the Western fronts offensive
liberation of western Europe, and France, established post war western influence
78
What was the Symbolic importance of the eastern fronts offensive
Demonstrates soviet power,
79
What was the Symbolic importance of the Western fronts offensive
Vital to morale of the west, showcased cooperation amongst allies
80
What was the historian view of the Eastern fronts offensive
Many argue the eastern front was decisive in breaking Nazi power
81
What was the historian view of the Western fronts offensive
highlights the strategic coordination and resources of the western allies
82
Battle of Berlin when and what
April 16 1945 Urban battle 'street by street' civilians attacking
83
When did Berlin fall
May 2 1945
84
What was the scorched earth order
Soviet soldiers followed a "scorched earth" policy to hinder the German advance
85
What and when did the allies and soviets meet
Meeting at the Elbe river, April 25 1945
86
What happened on 7 may 1945
Germany accepted unconditional surrender
87
May 8 1945
VE day signing at Rheims France
88
Nuremberg war trials when
November 1945, October 1946
89
Revelation of Nuremberg war crime trials
- reveals holocaust - Hermann Goering remained unrepentant - Albert Speer - showed remorse (only 20 year) - Nazi General trials 14 generals - Established crimes against humanity
90
Controversies of Nuremberg
US refused to subject own citizens to similar international trials Soviet on panel International law - crimes created history determined by the victors
91
What was the German secret code
Enigma
92
when did US enter the war? AND why? (not in depth)
Pearl Harbour, Dec 8 1942

Modern History (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions