Conflict Poetry Flashcards

(107 cards)

1
Q

What is the big idea in A Poison Tree?

A

If you don’t let out your anger, it will grow and something bad will happen as a consequence

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2
Q

What are the first lines in A poison Tree?

A

“I was angry with my friend”
“I told my wrath, my wrath did end”
“I was angry with my foe”
“I told it not, my wrath did grow”
He was angry and told his friend - his anger faded
he was angry with his enemy and didn’t tell anyone - his anger grew

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3
Q

What did the narrator do to the tree in A Poison Tree?

A
"I water'd it in fears
night and morning with my tears
and i sunned it with smiles 
and with soft deceitful wiles"
negative and sibilance makes it sound sinister
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4
Q

What is the biblical reference in A Poison Tree?

A

“till it bore an apple bright” (Adam and Eve)

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5
Q

What is the last line in A Poison Tree?

A
"My foe outstretched beneath the tree"
The tree (anger) has killed his enemy. The tree is a metaphor for his anger throughout the whole poem
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6
Q

What does the title A Poison Tree show?

A

Poison - death
Tree - life
contrast

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7
Q

What is the context of The Destruction of Sennacherib?

A

Tells the biblical story of the failed Assyrian siege of Jerusalem

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8
Q

What is the big idea of The Destruction of Sennacherib?

A

That God is all powerful and nobody can defeat him

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9
Q

What is the first line of The Destruction of Sennacherib?

A

“The Assyrian army came down like the wolf on the fold”

Immediately sets up the Assyrian as a predator and dehumanises them. It shows their power

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10
Q

How are the Assyrian army described in The Destruction Of Sennacherib?

A

“gleaming in purple and gold”
shows how wealthy they are
“Sheen of their spears was like stars on the sea”
nature imagery, shows the big scale sibilance shows they are a threat

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11
Q

What does the parallel syntax in The Destruction of Sennacherib show?

A

They are described as leaves in the “summer” which shows they are healthy and then the next morning they are described as leaves in “autumn” which shows they are dying.
It highlights the ease of the defeat of the Assyrian army because their defeat is shown by a few changing words

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12
Q

What is the oxymoron in The Destruction of Sennacherib and what does it show?

A

“Angel of death”
Introduction of a biblical figure (God) increases the intensity of the poem presenting it as powerful
This is then emphasised by the use of plosive sounds

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13
Q

How does the Destruction of Sennacherib continue to show Gods power?

A

“distorted and pale”
contrasts the “purple and gold” at the beginning
“rust on his mail”
God can play with time
the tents were “all silent”, the banners “alone”, the lances “unlifted” and the trumpet “unblown”
Semantic field of isolation creates a pause in the action and demonstrates the power of God

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14
Q

What is the final line in The Destruction of Sennacherib?

A

“Hath melted like snow in the glance of the Lord!”

Comparison to snow is unusual as the battle took place in a desert. This shows the power of God as an army is impossibly destroyed like snow is almost impossible in a desert

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15
Q

What does the title The Destruction of Sennacherib show?

A

The determiner “The” presents the significance of the event
“destruction” connotates complete annihilation and presents the powerfulness of God
by using “Sennacherib” rather than King Sennacherib, it is immediately degrading which shows Lord Bryon’s sympathetic view of Jerusalem rather than the Assyrian Army

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16
Q

What is the big idea of the extract from The Prelude?

A

The adult world is much scarier and bigger than a child’s world and also that nature has power and control over everyone

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17
Q

What is the first line in the extract from The Prelude?

A

“One summer evening (led by her)”
“Summer evening” presents a pleasant image
“(led by her)” personifies mother nature and shows that nature has control of him

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18
Q

What does the oxymoron in the extract from The Prelude show?

A

“troubled pleasure”

he is stealing but is also enjoying it. He thinks he has control

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19
Q

What positive imagery is used in the extract from The Prelude?

A

“rocky cove” and “small circles glittering idly in the moon” are both positive and pleasant imagery
“rocky cove” is later contrasted by “craggy ridge” which is much more harsh and unpleasant

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20
Q

What quote in the extract from the prelude shows that the narrator thinks he has control, what quote shows that he is beginning to lose it and what quote shows he has finally lost it?

A

“to reach a chosen point” shows he thinks he has control
“heaving through the water like a swan” shows he is losing it as it connotates an intense physical effort
“I struck and struck again” shows he has lost it as he is panicked and vulnerable

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21
Q

What is the pivot point in the extract from The Prelude?

A

“craggy steep till then the horizon’s bound”

Builds tension as he is hiding what is about to be revealed

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22
Q

How is the mountain described in the extract from The Prelude?

A

“a huge peak, black and huge”
Metaphorical for nature and also repetition of “huge” emphasises it’s size. “black” connotates death and darkness
“upreared its head”
personifies the mountain, shows it has a mind of its own and suggests it reveals itself
“grim shape”
connotates evil and darkness, like “black” from earlier on

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23
Q

What is the effect of the narrator seeing the mountain in the extract from the Prelude?

A

“o’er my thoughts there hung a darkness”
he has a limited understanding but realises his ignorance
“were a trouble to my dreams” (final line)
he is having nightmares about it
both suggest that it affected him long term and haunted him
They also suggest that nature can take many forms and isn’t limited by time to demonstrate it’s power

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24
Q

What is the context to the extract from The Prelude?

A

William Wordsworth was a romantic poet, therefore he wrote about nature and opposed industry
he lived with relatives but had a poor relationship and so spent most of time outside -> appreciates nature
The poem is autobiographical and therefore his own experience

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25
What are the first lines in The Man He Killed?
"Had he and I but met By some old ancient inn" Anecdote contrasts the actual circumstance - criticises the cruelness of war Suggests that if they had met in a pub they might've become friends
26
What is the mirror image in The Man He Killed?
"And staring face to face" narrator is just like the other soldier - highlights the tense situation "And killed him in his place" Blunt - he hasn't processed the event yet There is also enjambment in this lines which speeds up the pace of the poem, reflecting how little time the narrator had to make the decision whether to kill him or not
27
What are some examples of fractured syntax in The Man He Killed?
"I shot him dead because - because he was my foe" "Just so: my foe of course he was" The narrator is trying to justify what he did but he is struggling. This is further shown by the repetition of "foe" Poems are normally elegant but this section isn't which reflects the harsh nature of war
28
What suggests the narrator feels guilty in The Man He Killed?
"He thought he'd 'list, perhaps" "Was out of work - sold his traps" Changes to the life of the soldier he killed - guilt Suggests the soldier could've been poor and sold his possessions just like the narrator
29
What is the irony used in The Man He Killed?
"Yes; quaint and curious war is!" Reflects war as a whole Ironic as quaint means pleasant, but war is devastating not pleasant It is also devastating psychologically which is what this whole poem is attempting to demonstrate
30
What final lines in The Man He Killed highlights the cyclical structure of the poem?
"You'd treat if met" Shows how war is odd because if you met in any other context you would treat each other, but war forces you to kill each other. Reflects the first stanza saying if they met in a pub they might've been friends - cyclical structure
31
What does the title The Man He Killed show?
It is in past tense which sets the poem in a historical context It implies the theme of the poem is going to be death It's very blunt - suggesting the narrator hasn't processed the event yet
32
What is the context to The Man He Killed?
Boer war (1899 - 1902) where the British wanted to remain in control of South Africa due to things like diamond mines. Fight for independence Thomas Hardy is from Dorset and grew up fairly poor He was strongly against the Boer war and the politics of it at the time
33
What is the big idea in Cousin Kate?
That having a child out of wedlock being socially unacceptable isn't good
34
What is the context to Cousin Kate?
Written in Victorian era -> women had no power over men if had a child out of wedlock, women were shamed Very religious + outspoken in gender and sexuality never married
35
What are the first lines in Cousin Kate?
"I was a cottage-maiden" poor, young, innocent "was" - in the past
36
What are the last lines in Cousin Kate?
"Your sire would give broad lands for one to wear his coronet" spiteful but victorious Kate can't have children, so the lord can't pass down his title
37
What metaphors are used in Cousin Kate?
"he bound you with his ring" Kate is now trapped with the lord, she is an object "Your love was writ in sand" not permanent love there is no base for the love, it is only for status and money
38
What does the title Cousin Kate suggest?
focus will be on Cousin plosive - anger family connotation contrasts the conflict described as it seems more distant
39
What is the big idea in half-caste?
Racism against mixed race people
40
What are the first lines in half-caste?
"Excuse me standing on one leg" insincere apology, visual joke contrasts seriousness of message not fully stable in his identity?
41
What line is repeated in half-caste?
"explain yuself" repeated to show direct challenge accusatory tone
42
Where is weather used in half-caste?
"england weather nearly always half-caste" calls out hypocrisy of him being criticised for being mixed race when so is British culture/Britain itself
43
What are the last lines in half caste?
"de other half of my story" race is not his full story/identity much more to him that what is seen at a first glance uses dialect to show pride in his identity
44
What is the context to half-caste?
moved from Guyana to England in 1977 lots of racism mixed race - mam from Portugal, dad from Guyana
45
What is the big idea behind Exposure
Expose the truth of world war 1
46
What is the first line in Exposure?
"Our brains ache, in the merciless iced east winds that knive us..." Elipsis - waiting of soldiers personification of the weather - weather is the enemy/a threat psychological + physical impact sibilance - sinister tone
47
What line is repeated in Exposure?
"but nothing happens" emphasises that nothing is happening or changing over periods of time in the war disappointing
48
What lines show the soldiers are afraid in Exposure?
``` "we cringe in holes, back on forgotten dreams" like frightened animals flashbacks "for love of God seems dying" faith in God is dying highlights cruelty ```
49
What is the final line in Exposure?
"but nothing happens" powerful, creates a cyclical structure nothing is happening/changing
50
What is the context to Exposure?
fought in WW1 autobiographical had shell shock - advised to write about it
51
What does the title Exposure suggest?
Double meaning medical condition due to being exposed to very cold weather expose truth of the war
52
What is the big idea in charge of the light brigade?
to glorify a mistake made by the military in the Crimean war
53
What is the context to Charge of the light brigade?
Poet laureate -> had to celebrate moments -> positive poem (propaganda?) Crimean war - battle of Balaclava first battle to be shared in media, written from second hand reports military mistake sent 600 down a canyon where they were killed
54
What is the first line in Charge of the light brigade?
"Half a league, half a league, half a league onward" repetition emphasises distance travelled
55
What repetition/imagery is used in Charge of the light brigade?
``` "cannon to the right of them cannon to the left of them cannon in front of them" emphasis of harsh military machinery they are surrounded by fear/death ```
56
What line is repeated at the end of the first few stanzas in the charge of the light brigade?
"rode the six hundred" -> sense of foreboding | changes to "not the six hundred" emphasising death
57
What are the final lines in the charge of the light brigade?
``` "honour the charge they made! honour the light brigade, noble six hundred!" repeated imperative verbs -> demanding glorifies war/soldiers ```
58
What is the big idea of Catrin?
Her rocky relationship with her daughter since birth | birth of her child
59
What are the first lines in catrin?
``` "I can remember you child, as I stood in a hot, white room" Past tense, child is unnamed -> distant? sensory imagery -> hospital is uncomfortable and not homely ```
60
What metaphor is used for the umbilical cord in Catrin?
"tight red rope of love" struggle to become free red - passion, blood, contrast from the ward rope - restrictive
61
What metaphor + oxymoron is used for contractions in Catrin?
"wild, tender circles" | pain and love
62
What line shows swearing in Catrin
"I wrote all over the walls with my words" | could also be childish and children write on walls
63
What are the final lines in Catrin?
``` "As you ask may you skate In the dark, for one more hour" reason for conflict? uncertainty, powerful visual image unexplored feelings unknown and away from mother ```
64
What does the title Catrin suggest?
about Catrin | name isn't repeated - universality
65
What is the context to Catrin?
autobiographical had a difficult birth about her own conflicting relationship with her daughter
66
What is the big idea behind war photographer?
That a photograph about war in media doesn't show the full story
67
What is the first line in War photographer?
"the reassurance of the frame is flexible" focus of poem immediately challenging idea that photos can be reassuring as they tell you things
68
How is the contrast between rich and poor shown in War photographer?
"sun-gilded girls" vs "small girl staggering" positive, wealth and happiness "small girl" -> young + insignificant?
69
What line in war photographer highlights the awfulness of war?
"mouth too small for her dark scream" | highlights extreme fear/pain
70
What is the final line in war photographer?
``` "but hell, like heaven, is untidy, its boundaries arbitrary as a blood stain on a wall" suffering cannot be contained there are no boundaries to heaven/hell, they are everywhere - emphasised by enjambment ```
71
What is the context to war photographer?
not a war photographer
72
What does the structure of War photographer show?
dramatic monologue - expresses the poets feelings enjambment - reinforces that frames of photos have no edges and there are no boundaries to photos and the events that they capture
73
What is the big idea in Belfast confetti?
The psychological effect of riots | The troubles in Ireland
74
What are the first lines in Belfast confetti?
"Suddenly as the riot squad moved in, it was raining exclamation marks" extended metaphor that weapons are punctation anger and action
75
What are the last lines in Belfast Confetti?
"My name? Where am I coming from? Where am I going? A fusillade of question-marks" repeated questions - emphasis on confusion burst of gunfire
76
What line displays confusion in Belfast Confetti?
"I know this labyrinth so well - Balaclava, Raglan, Inkerman, Odessa Street- Why cant I escape?" labyrinth -> maze - hard to get out -> confusion streets named after famous battles
77
What is the context to Belfast Confetti?
Irish poet - grew up in the troubles | autobiographical
78
What does the title Belfast Confetti suggest?
plosive - anger | dark humour
79
What is the structure like in Belfast Confetti?
First stanza - past second stanza - present -> can't adjust to present enjambment -> disjointed feeling, reflecting confusion
80
What is the first line in The Class Game?
``` "How can you tell what class I'm from?" Confrontational tone immediately challenging reader immediately introduce theme of class the repetition of this reinforces all of the above throughout the poem ```
81
What is the last line in The Class Game?
``` "And I'm proud of the class that I come from" defiant, pride makes key message clear, powerful ending ```
82
What line in The Class Game shows humour?
"Have I a label on me head, and another on me bum?" challenging reader again labelled because of the way she talks
83
What line reinforces the idea that class doesn't matter in The Class Game?
``` "Why do you care what class I'm from?" same repeated line but changed slightly -> defiance frustrated that she is labelled ```
84
What is the context to The Class Game?
not established poet -> ordinary person POV from Liverpool written in 1981 when world was more class based
85
What does the title The Class Game suggest?
Even though it's an issue, still not taken seriously | theme of poem
86
What is the big idea of The Class game?
That it doesn't matter what class you're from
87
What is the structure in The Class Game like?
direct address confronts reader | enjambment mimics human speech -> more informal -> engage reader
88
What is the big idea of Poppies?
The effect of war on the family of soldiers
89
What is the first line in Poppies?
"Three days before Armistice Sunday" Immediately sets up theme of remembrance past tense
90
What is the last line in Poppies?
"your playground voice catching on the wind" insubstantial like a memory little boy -> expresses desire to turn back time metaphor she is losing memories of him as well as him himself
91
What line shows material imagery in Poppies?
``` "all my words flattened, rolled, turned into felt, slowly melting" cant get words out metaphor ```
92
What line shows freedom in Poppies?
"I went into your bedroom, released a song bird from it's cage" metaphor conflicting emotions as freedom means happiness and danger
93
What is the context to Poppies?
textile designer lived in troubles had 2 sons
94
What is the structure like in Poppies?
enjambment -> fragmented feelings, lack of control | free verse -> outpouring of emotions
95
What is the big idea of No Problem?
That racists are the problem, not those who are subjected to it Attack / break down stereotypes
96
What is the first line in No Problem?
"I am not de problem" challenging reader repeated, so reinforces that it is not his fault
97
What is the last line in No Problem?
"Sum of me best friends are white" ironic mocking stereotype to excuse racism
98
What line shows discrimination in No Problem?
``` "Yu put me in a pigeon hole But I am versatile" not treated with human dignity people tried to categorise him but they can't individuality ```
99
What line shows the disproving of stereotypes in No Problem
"I can do more dan dance" | stereotype that they are good at dancing
100
What is the context to No Problem?
``` raised in Jamaica and Birmingham racial abuse dyslexic, left school unable to read and write turned down offer of OBE prominent racial activist ```
101
What does the title No Problem suggest?
could be connected to repeated line that black people aren't the problem speakers resilience, doesn't hold grudges, tries to brush of racial abuse
102
What is the big idea of What Were They Like?
A dystopian future where all Vietnamese were lost to the war
103
What is the structure of what were they like?
Questions and answers the answers twist the questions and make them emotional but the answers seem disconnected, showing that we lose emotional connections to things over time
104
What line shows the idea that something has been lost in What Were They Like?
"it is not remembered" | repeated many times to emphasise this idea
105
What line references Napalm in What Were They Like?
"laughter is bitter to the burned mouth" | plosive - harsh reply, anger
106
What is the final line of What Were They Like?
"who can say? it is silent now" answers the title question flat tone nobody knows, emphasises loss
107
What is the context to What were they like?
politically active | strongly opposed US involvement in Vietnam war