Conflict Zones Test Flashcards
(34 cards)
A state Arabs hoped to create
Palestine
Jewish nationalism, the idea that Jews should return to their ancient homeland of Israel
Zionism
The idea of dividing Israel up such that one state would be Jewish and the other Arab
Two state solution
On May 14, as Britain ended its Palestine mandate, and Israel declared itself an independent state. Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, and Iraq attacked but were poorly trained so Israel won
1948 War
Canal that connects the mediterranean and the red sea and is an important trade rout. Nasser seized it in 1956 from Britain and France, but eventually Egypt was forced to withdraw
Suez Canal
Ruler of Egypt who seized Suez canal and sparked the second Arab-Israeli war
Nasser
sparked by the seizure of the Suez canal, the British and French united with the Israeli to invade the Sinai peninsula. Opposition from other nations, including the US forced Egypt to withdraw from the canal
1956 War
the third Arab-Israeli war, in 1967, which resulted in a quick Israeli victory and a major expansion of territory
Six Day War
Arab forces decided to attack on the holiest day of the Jewish calendar, they caught the Israelis off guard and pushed their territory inward but Israel fought back and regained territory. A UN ceasefire finally stopped the fight
Yom Kippur War
he was the new president of Egypt and was determined to restore Egypt’s power and prestige and so hestarted the Yom Kippur war.
Anwar Sadat
a 1978 peace agreement between Egypt and Israel in which Israel returned land to Egypt and Egypt recognized Israel’s right to exist
Camp David
Called PLO it was established in 1964 to represent Palestinian interests, and pledged to destroy Israel. In 1993 it agreed to peace
Palestine Liberation Organization
Led the PLO, which in turn led acts of terrorism in Israel
Yasir Arafat
Palestinians in the west bank and Gaza held strikes and demonstrations to protest Israeli policy. The PLO helped organize the uprisings
Intifada
the agreement signed in 1993 in which the PLO recognized Israel, and Israel granted Palestine self rule in parts of west bank and Gaza
Oslo Accords
the governing authority for Palestinian self-rule
Palestinian Authority
A Palestinian terrorist group that launched terrorist attacks on Israel
Hamas
In fall of 2000, the violence sparked by the Hamas increased. Israel constructed a barrier wall to prevent terrorists from entering easily in response
Second Intifada
Israelis continued to build permanent settlements in West Bank which further angered Palestinians
Settlements
the demand that Palestinian refugees and their descendants be allowed to return to land in Israel
“Right of Return”
east strip of land bordering Israel, Egypt, and the Mediterranean sea that is disputed but under Israeli control
Gaza Strip
region north-west of Israel that is Israeli occupied
Golan heights
Western mountainous region under Israeli control but still disputed
West Bank
Explain the historic claims of both Jews and Palestinians to the area of the eastern Mediterranean
Each group considered the land its ancestral home. Zionism, the movement for Jews to return to their ancient homeland, began. Shocked by the holocaust, many nations backed the Idea. But the Arabs also had historical rights to the land and were angered by this.