Conformity To Social Roles

Question 1

Zimbardo wants to know if guards behaved brutally because if their personalities, what’s this explanation called?

Answer 1

Dispositional

Question 2

How did Zimbardo make the experience as realistic as possible? Give 7 features of the prisoners.

Answer 2

They were arrested at their own homes by police
Fingerprinted 
Stripped
Deloused
Dehumanisation (removal of identity)
Wore numbered smocks
Chains round their ankles

Question 3

Name 5 features of Zimbardo’s procedure?

Answer 3

75 males
Responded to a newspaper advert 
Volunteers 
$15 a day
21 most psychologically healthy 
Randomly assigned role of prisoner or guard

Question 4

Where was zimbardos study based and what was it changed into?

Answer 4

Stanford university , mock prison

Question 5

How does identification occur when we conform to social roles?

Answer 5

We join a group and behave the way the group does because we want to fit in and we think the group is right while we are with the group. THIS IS TEMPORARY

Question 6

Define what social role means.

Answer 6

The part people play as members of a social group. We have expectations about what is appropriate behaviour in each role. For example grandparents are meant to be kind, caring and slow.

Question 7

Zimbardo wanted to know if the prison guards behaved brutally because if their situation, what’s this called?

Answer 7

Situational

Question 8

What do we have that allows us to behave different in different situations?

Answer 8

Mental script

Question 9

What was Zimbardo interested in seeing?

Answer 9

If normal healthy American males would conform to the roles of prisoner and prison guard if he placed them in a mock prison.

Question 10

After 36 hours of zimbardo’s study one prisoners was released, why?

Answer 10

Crying fits and rage

Question 11

3 more prisoners in zimbardos study developed what sort of symptoms?

Answer 11

Crying fits and rage

Question 12

What happened to a fifth prisoner in zimbardos study?

Answer 12

Developed a rash after his parole was denied

Question 13

How many days into the study was it ended?

Answer 13

6

Question 14

What was zimbardos role in his own study?

Answer 14

Superintendent (in charge of all the guards)

Question 15

Why did zimbardo stop the study 6 days in?

Answer 15

He realised the damage that was occurring and increasing violent behaviour of the guards at night when they thought they weren’t being watched

Question 16

How did prisoners and guards feel when the study was stopped?

Answer 16

The prisoners were delighted the study had ended but the guards were upset

Question 17

What did zimbardo conclude from his study? Give 2 reasons.

Answer 17

That we will conform to social roles demanded in a situations even when the roles override individual beliefs about how we should behave. It is likely the prisoners and guards demonstrated social roles from media (prison films)

Question 18

Which explanation is supported more? And why in Zimbardo’s study?

Answer 18

The situational was supported more as none of the ppts showed any aggressive characteristics before the study.

Question 19

What led to the uncharacteristic behaviour did zimbardo say in his study.

Answer 19

The environment

Question 20

Why did Zimbardo’s study have good internal validity?

Answer 20

He was able to control some of the extraneous variables

He was able to show it was most likely situational factors that led to conformity as he made sure the students were emotionally stable

Question 21

Why did Zimbardo’s study have ethical issues?

Answer 21

The consent couldn’t be fully informed because he didn’t know what would happen as it was unpredictable

Ppts playing the role of prisoners were not protected from psychological and physical harm

Question 22

Who accused Zimbardo of exaggerating the situation?

Answer 22

Fromm

Question 23

Why did Fromm say Zimbardo exaggerated the situation?

Answer 23

One third of the guards were aggressive
Another third followed rules fairly
And last third were sympathetic and even gave the prisoners cigarettes

Question 24

What did what Fromm found suggest?

Answer 24

That not all the guards were confirming to their social role of prison guards

Question 25

What real life application did Zimbardo hope would come from his study?

Answer 25

He hoped it would change prison conditions. But they are now even worse than when he did the study

Question 26

What is a locus of control?

Answer 26

How much control you have over your actions

Question 27

In Milgram’s experiment naive ppts were paired with two confederates who refused to continue with the experiment. Obedience rates went from what to what.
And why?

Answer 27

65% to 10%

Because the confederates aches as models and the naive ppt felt supported

Question 28

Give the characteristics that people who have an external locus of control will hold. (3 features)

Answer 28

Luck
Fate
Other people
Low level of control

Question 29

Name the characteristics that someone with an internal locus of control may have? (2 features)

Answer 29

Hugh level do control

Strong sense of responsibility

Question 30

Why may people with an internal locus of be less likely to obey orders if they believe them to be wrong?

Answer 30

Because they take responsibility for their actions.

Question 31

What did Oliner and Oliner do into researching resisting obedience?

Answer 31

Interviewed two groups of non Jewish German people who had lived through the holocaust and nazi Germany. They compared people who had rescued and protected Jews from those who hadn’t.

Question 32

What did Oliner and Oliner find in their resisting obedience study?

Answer 32

Found that the group that rescued the Jews scrored higher on measures of internal locus of control

Question 33

Who did research into the locus of control when it comes to resisting conformity?

Answer 33

Moghaddam

Question 34

What did Moghaddam find when he was doing research into the internal locus of when it comes to resisting conformity and what does this suggest?

Answer 34

He found that Japanese people conform more easily than Americans and have a more external locus of control. Suggesting the differences in resisting between cultures can be explained by differences in LoC

Question 35

What may people who have an internal locus of control have personality wise that people with an external locus of control don’t have?

Answer 35

More self confident
Achievement orientated
More intelligent
Because they have less need for social approval and this makes them more able to resist social influence.