Congenital anomalies

Question 1

abnormal config/relationship of Femoral head and acetabulum

Answer 1

CDH Congenital dislocation of hip

Question 2

acetabular dysplasia

Answer 2

spectrum of CDH with shallow acetabulum

Question 3

unstable hip

Answer 3

spectrum of CDH dislocatable - reducible

Question 4

dislocated hip

Answer 4

spectrum of CDH that may or may not be reducible

Question 5

teratologic hip

Answer 5

spectrum of CDH with fixed dislocation at birth often w major anomalies

Question 6

acetabular dysplasia

Answer 6

degree of dysplasia where head is seated in acetabulum but shallow

Question 7

subluxation

Answer 7

degree of dysplasia where head is not well seated in acetabulum

Question 8

dislocation

Answer 8

degree of dysplasia where head is no longer seated

Question 9

snapping sign

Answer 9

Ortolani’s sign

Question 10

what is limited in CDH

Answer 10

ABDUCTION OF FLEXED HIPS

Question 11

hip started reduced but this test will DISLOCATE hip

Answer 11

Barlow test

Question 12

hip started dislocated but this test will REDUCED hip

Answer 12

Ortolani test

Question 13

difference in knee height

Answer 13

Galleazis sign

Question 14

walks like duck

Answer 14

waddling gait

Question 15

index finger on asis
middle finger on GT

high placed GT

Answer 15

Klisics sign

Question 16

tx of CDH

Answer 16

maintain head of femur deeply w/in acetabulum

maintain widely ABDUCTED position mos-yrs

Question 17

affected knee is lower or higher?

Answer 17

lower

Question 18

head of greater trochanter in buttock can be felt to move upward and downward on pushing and pulling on extended thigh

Answer 18

telescoping test

Question 19

positive trendelenburg sign

Answer 19

pelvis tilted downward when standing on affected side

Question 20

thomas test

Answer 20

flexion deformity of hip by flattening of lumbar spine on examining table

Question 21

3 classic signs of Roentgen

Answer 21

delayed growth ossification center of capital epiphysis
upward and outward displacement of femoral head
inc obiquity of acetabular roof

Question 22

tx first age period <1year old

Answer 22

reduced by abduction skin traction then splint brace or cast

Question 23

tx harness and cast

Answer 23

pavlic harness

short leg hip spica cast

Question 24

second age pd 1-3y

Answer 24

skeletal traction
if fails, adductor tenotomy
then bilateral hip sica cast

Question 25

if tx fails and lead to dislocation

Answer 25

open reduction Salter, Pemberton osteotomy of innominate bone (1-1/2yo) Duplan and Shands

Question 26

dunlap shands

Answer 26

derotation osteotomy of femur for anteversion of hip

Question 27

3rd year pd (3-6yo) tx

Answer 27

surgical traction for 3w if fails, adductor tenotomy, innominate osteotomy colonna