Congenital defects Pathoma Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Congenital defects Pathoma Deck (18)
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1
Q

Defect in the septum that divides the right and left ventricles

A

Ventral septal defect VSD

2
Q

What is VSD associated with?

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome

3
Q

What kind of shunt will you see in VSD?

A

Left to right at first
Then, as pulmonary HTN increases the shunt will switch (Eisenmenger syndrome) and you will get a right to left shunt with cyanosis & clubbing

4
Q

Defect in the septum that divides the right and left atrium

A

Atrial septal defect (ASD)

5
Q

Failure of ductus arteriosus to close leading to a shunting of blood from the aorta to the pulmonary arteries

A

Patent ductus arteriosus

6
Q

Murmur in PDA

A

“Machine-like”

7
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot has 4 characteristics. What are they?

A
  1. Stenosis of RVOT
  2. RVH
  3. VSD
  4. Overriding aorta
8
Q

What kind of shunt is present in Tetralogy of Fallot?

A

right to left

9
Q

The right to left shunt in Tetralogy of Fallot leads to?

A

Cyanosis

10
Q

What does a Tetralogy of Fallot heart look like on CXR?

A

“Boot shaped”

11
Q

From where does the pulmonary artery arise in Transposition of the Great Vessels?

A

Left ventricle (opposite of where it should arise)

12
Q

What do the right and left ventricles look like in Transposition of Great Vessels

A

Right ventricle is hypertrophied; LV is atrophic

13
Q

This disorder is characterized by a single large vessel arising from both ventricles

A

Truncus arteriosus

14
Q

This disorder is characterized by a tricuspid valve that fails to develop

A

Tricuspid atresia

15
Q

What is tricuspid atresia often associated with?

A

ASD and a right to left shunt

16
Q

This disease is characterised by a narrowing of the aorta

A

Coarctation of the aorta

17
Q

Infantile Coarctation of the Aorta is associated with PDA. Where is the narrowing?

A

After great vessels; before PDA

18
Q

What do you see in the peripheral vasculature with Coarctation of the Aorta?

A

Cyanosis of lower extremities