Congenital Heart Disease Flashcards
(19 cards)
what is the commonest ASD?
Secundum defects high in the septum
what are the complications of ASD?
Paradoxical emboli
Eisenmenger’s syndrome
what investigation is diagnostic of ASD?
ECHO
what is the surgical treatment for ASD?
Transcatheter closure
what is coarctation of the aorta associated with?
Bicuspid aortic valve
Turner’s syndrome
what are complications of coarctation of the aorta?
Heart failure
IE
what is seen on CXR of coarctation of the aorta?
rib notching
what is the treatment for coarctation of the aorta?
balloon dilatation + stenting
what are complications of VSD?
Infective endocarditis
PHT
Eisenmenger’s
when is surgery indicated for VSD?
symptomatic VSD ̄c large shunt.
what genetic condition is associated with TOF (tertalogy of fallots)
22q11 deletion
- Di George
what is the presentation of an infant with TOF?
hypercyanotic episodes, squatting, clubbing
what mutation causes marfans?
Mutation in FBN1 gene on Chr 5
what does histology of marfans show?
“cystic medial necrosis”
what are DD for marfans?
MEN-2b
Homocystinuria
Ehlers-Danlos
what investigations should be done for marfans?
Slit-lamp examination: ectopia lentis
CXR
Widened mediastinum
Scoliosis
Pneumothorax
ECG
ECHO
MRI - dural entasis (dilation of neural canal)
Genetic testing
what is the management of marfans?
Refer to ortho, cardio and ophtho
Life-style alteration: ↓ cardiointensive sports
Beta-blockers slow dilatation of the aortic root
Regular cardiac echo
Surgery when aortic root ≥5cm wide
how many subtypes of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome is there?
6
subtypes 1 and 2 most common
what is the presentation of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome?
Hyperelastic skin
Hypermobile joints
Cardiac: MVP , AR, MR and aneurysms
Fragile blood vessels → easy bruising, GI bleeds Poor healing
