Congenital Obstruction

Question 1

Epiphora in neonates - % and how long

Answer 1

at least 20% of neonates, but spontaneous resolution occurs in over 95% within the first year

Question 2

easy test

Answer 2

The fluorescein disappearance test is highly specific, only a fine line of dye, at most, should remain at 5–10 minutes under inspection with a blue light in a darkened room

Question 3

Probing - when

Answer 3

If symptoms are mild–moderate, probing may be delayed until the age of 12–18, or even 24, months and is carried out under general anaesthesia

Question 4

Probing - complication

Answer 4

induction of canalicular stenosis

Question 5

Options after probing failure

Answer 5

INTUBATION with SILASTIC TUBING with or without BALOON DILATION of the nasolacrimal duct, endoscopic procedures, and DCR

Question 6

Congenital dacryocoele - definition

Answer 6

collection of amniotic fluid or mucus in the lacrimal sac caused by an imperforate Hasner valve

Question 7

Congenital dacryocoele - sings

Answer 7

Perinatal with a bluish cystic swelling at or below the medial canthus + epiphora. Resolution is common with only conservative treatment, but if this fails, probing is usually adequate

Question 8

Encephalocoele - signs

Answer 8

pulsatile swelling above the medial canthal tendon