Congential Heart Disease

Question 1

Opening In the atrial septum permitting free communication of blood between the atria

Answer 1

ASD Atrial septal defect

Question 2

Rarely signs of CHF no cyanosis most asymptotic hyperactive precordium fixed widely split s2

Answer 2

ASD

Question 3

Treatment for ASD

Answer 3

Surgical closure elect lively between ages 2 and 5

Question 4

Abnormal opening in the ventricular septum allows free communication between right and left ventricles

Answer 4

VSD

Question 5

Harsh systolic murmur along LSB small close by age two … Large one see CHF symptoms between 1-6 months

Answer 5

VSD

Question 6

Treatment for VSD

Answer 6

Small none
Symptomatic: ACE and diuretics
Large may need surgery

Question 7

Incomplete fusion the endocardium cushions which help to for, the lower portion of the atrial septum the membranes portion of the ventricular septum and the septal leaflets teiscupid and mitral valves

Answer 7

AVSD

Question 8

Congestive heart failure in infants recurrent pulmonary infections failure to thrive wide fixed splitting of s2 cardiac enlarge,met on X-ray pull are systolic ejection murmur

Answer 8

AVSD

Question 9

Treatment for AVSD

Answer 9

Surgery always pulmonary banding

Question 10

Persistence of the normal fetal vessel that joins the pa of the aorta

Answer 10

PDA

Question 11

Bounding artieral pulses
Winded pulse pressure
Enlarged heart
Classic continuous machine like murmur

Answer 11

PDA

Question 12

Treatment for PDA

Answer 12

Usually closes first week if not ligation and division or infra vascular coil

Question 13

Pulmonary stenosis
TOF
PA

Answer 13

Decreased pulmonary blood flow

Question 14

Obstruction in the region of either the pulmonary valve or the sub pulmonary ventricular outflow tract

Answer 14

Pulmonary stenosis

Question 15

Cyanosis jugular a wave even lift
Ejection click followed by systolic murmur
Split 2nd heart sound

Answer 15

Pulmonary stenosis

Question 16

Treatment of pulmonary stenosis

Answer 16

Ballon valvuloplasty

Valvotomy

Question 17

TOF is made up of what 4 defects

Answer 17

Pulmonary stenosis
Right ventricular hypertrophic
Ventricular septal defect
Overriding aorta

Question 18

Sign on X-ray of TOF

Answer 18

Boot snapped heart

Question 19

Cyanosis
Episodic loss of consciousness
Squatting when fatigued
Ventricular hypertrophic

Answer 19

TOF

Question 20

TOF treatment

Answer 20

Palliative shunts
Blalock taus sing
Corrective repair

Question 21

Absence of communication between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

Answer 21

Pulmonary atresia

Question 22

Cyanosis at birth 
Tachypnea pulmonary edema 
CHF 
Hepatomegly 
Acidosis
Delayed growth

Answer 22

PA

Question 23

Treatment for PA

Answer 23

Prostaglandin 
Digoxin 
Diuretics 
BAS
Rasttelli

Question 24

ASD
VSD
ASVD
PDA

Answer 24

Increased pulmonary blood flow

Question 25

``` Aortic stenosis Coarctation of the aorta HLHS mitral stenosis Interrupted aortic arch ```

Answer 25

Obstructed systemic blood flow

Question 26

Obstruction of the outflow from the left ventricle at or near the aortic valve that causes a systolic pressure gradient of more than 10mmhg

Answer 26

Aortic stenosis

Question 27

``` Chest pain Weak pulses Left sided heart failure Sudden death LV Thrust at apex Ejection click systolic murmur radiates to carotid ```

Answer 27

Aortic stenosis

Question 28

Treatment for aortic stenosis

Answer 28

Surgery not a cure Ballon valvuloplasty May require valve replace,net

Question 29

Narrowing of the aorta of varying points anywhere from the transverse arch to the iliac bifurcation

Answer 29

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 30

Diminished or absent femoral pulse Higher BP in upper extremities Lower extremity hypo perfusion Cardiomegaly rib notching on x ray

Answer 30

Coaraction of the aorta

Question 31

Treatment of coartaction of the aorta

Answer 31

Prostaglandin essential Angioplasty Ballon angioplasty

Question 32

Mitral and aortic valves are absent or stenosed along with an abnormal small left ventricle and aorta

Answer 32

Hypo plastic left heart syndrome

Question 33

``` Tachypnea Dyspnea Decreased peripheral pulses No murmur Cardiomegaly ```

Answer 33

HLHS

Question 34

Treatment of HLHS

Answer 34

3 stage surgery Norwood, glen , font on Heart transplant Palliative care

Question 35

TGA TAPVR TRUNCUS ARTERIOUS double outlet right ventricle

Answer 35

Mixed defects

Question 36

Pulmonary artery is the outflow tract for the left ventricle and the aorta is the outflow tract for the right ventricle

Answer 36

TGA

Question 37

``` Cyanosis No murmur Growth failure Egg snapped heart on string Right ventricular hypertrophic Fails the hyperoexsist ```

Answer 37

TGA

Question 38

Treatment of TGA

Answer 38

Prostins BAS artieral switch done by 1-3 weeks of age

Question 39

Pulmonary veins empty somewhere other than the left atrium

Answer 39

TAPVR

Question 40

``` Severe pulmonary edema Pulmonary hypertension Limited cardiac output Arrhythmia S2 has a wide fixed split with a possible gallop ```

Answer 40

TAPVR

Question 41

Treatment of TAPVR

Answer 41

Prostins Digoxin Diuretics Surgery to connect pulmonary veins to the left atrium

Question 42

A single large vessel empties both ventricles and provides circulation for the pulmonary systemic and coronary circulation

Answer 42

TRUNCUS ARTERIOUS

Question 43

Harsh systolic murmur lower eternal border along with a systolic click in the apex Ventricular enlargement

Answer 43

TRUNCUS

Question 44

Treatment for TRUNCUS

Answer 44

Rasttelli procedure | Digoxin diuretic