Congestive Heart Failure Flashcards Preview

A3-CORD curriculum > Congestive Heart Failure > Flashcards

Flashcards in Congestive Heart Failure Deck (17)
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1
Q

What are classes I-IV of HF?

A
I = not limited by symptoms
II = ordinary activity leads to s/sx
III = Marked limitations of ordinary activity
IV = s/sx at rest
2
Q

Which has a better prognosis: systolic or diastolic HF?

A

Diastolic

3
Q

What are the major causes of high output HF?

A
Paget's disease
Prego
Hyperthyroidism
AV fistulas
Beriberi
4
Q

What is the sputum like with CHF?

A

Pink and frothy

5
Q

How many cm indicated JVD?

A

4 cm

6
Q

What percent of patients with CHF will not have pulmonary congestion on CXR?

A

1/5

7
Q

What are the CXR findings associated with CHF?

A
  • Cardiomegaly
  • Cephalization of vessels
  • Pleural effusions
8
Q

What sort of CXR films are needed to diagnose CHF via cephalization vessels?

A

Upright

9
Q

What is the sensitivity and specificity of BNP in the diagnosis of CHF?

A

90% sensitive

76% specific

10
Q

What is the therapy for hypotensive CHF pts?

A

AVOID nitrates and morphine

Give dopamine, dobutamine, NE, or milrinone

11
Q

What is the therapy for CHF pts with HTN?

A

Nitroprusside drip

12
Q

What is the treatment for diastolic CHF?

A

CCBs

13
Q

When is an AICD indicated in the treatment of HF?

A

If EF less than 35% with non-sustained v-tach

14
Q

When is an LVAD indicated for CHF?

A

WHen heart transplant indicated

15
Q

What are the initial steps to take in the ED with a pt presenting with CHF?

A

O2 (bipap)
Nitro if not hypotensive
Elevate the head of the bed

16
Q

How long may CXR findings lag clinical s/sx?

A

12 hours

17
Q

What are the drugs that must be avoided in hypotensive CHF pts? Why?

A

nitro
Morphine

Reduce bp further