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Histo Connective Tissue (me) > Connctive Tissue > Flashcards

Connctive Tissue Flashcards

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1
Q

C.T originates from the ______

A

Mesenchyme

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2
Q

Functions of c.t

A 
Binds organs
Support 
Physical protection 
Movement 
Temp regulation 
Immune protection
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3
Q

What are undifferentiated stem cells present through the the body

A

Mesenchymal cells

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4
Q

What is the function of fibroblasts

A

To synthesize collage and fibers

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5
Q

When fibroblasts are inactive they become:

A

Fibrocyte

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6
Q

These cells are migratory cells that derive from monocytes

A

Macrophages

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7
Q

These cells form a second line of defense in the body

A

Macrophages

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8
Q

Macrophages fuse and form____

A

Giant cells

These are capable of phagocytosing larger foreign bodies

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9
Q

Macrophages encircle the foreign body and form epithelial cells which ward off this foreign body

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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10
Q

What are other cells that are derived from monocytes (blood)

A 
Microglia cells (nervous system)
Langerhans cells (skin)
Dendritic cells (lymph node)
Osteoclasts (bone)
Giant cells (ct)
Kupfer cells (liver)
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11
Q

It is difficult to see mast cells when stained with h&e so we use what stain?

A

Metachromatic

From blue to red/purple

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12
Q

What two types of cells have receptors for Ige

A

Mast cells and basophils

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13
Q

Ige receptors on Mast cells mediate a hypersensitivity reaction known as

A

Anaphylactic shock

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14
Q

Mast cells release

A

Histamine and leukotriene c

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15
Q

Histamine function

Leukotriene C function

A

Increases the permeability of blood vessels and contraction of smooth muscle cells especially in the LUNGS

Does the same but at a slower rate

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16
Q

Lymphocytes originate from:

A

Lymphoid stem cells of the bone marrow

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17
Q

2 types of lymphocytes

A

B and T cells

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18
Q

B cells originate and differentiate in ? And in birds?

A

Bone marrow

Birds in the cloacal bursa

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19
Q

T cells originate and differentiate where

A

In the bone marrow but differentiate in the thymus

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20
Q

What cell produces antibodies

A

Plasma cells

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21
Q

B cells differentiate into what cells

A

Plasma cells

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22
Q

What cell participates in humoral Immune response

A

B cells

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23
Q

What cells participates in cell mediated immune responses

A

T cells

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24
Q

What cells recirculate between connective tissue and blood

A

Lymphocytes

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25
T cells secrete ___ which attack foreign cells
Cytokines
26
Subtypes of t lymphocytes
Helper Suppressor Killer
27
When do lymphocytes increase in number
Viral infection Surgical transplantation Leukemia
28
This type of Lymphocyte gets rid of tumor cells
Nulls cells
29
What cell increases during parasitic infections and allergic reactions
Eosinophils
30
These cells DO NOT recirculate after leaving blood,making C.T their action site and graveyard
Neutrophils
31
These cells participate in phagocytosis of microorganisms
Neutrophils
32
These cells participate in first line of defense | Their numbers increase in bacterial infection
Neutrophils
33
What Kind of nucleus does neutrophils have
Multi lobed
34
When there is an acute infection which cell prevails
Neutrophils
35
When the infection is chronic which cell prevails
Macrophages
36
3 connective tissue cell types
Collagen Reticular Elastic
37
Collagen is made of protein _____
Tropocollagen
38
Name the 4 types of collagen fibers
Type 1- fibers and bundles (most prevalent) Type 2- hyaline cartilage, forms fibrils Type 3- argyrophillic fibers,(thin) (stained with silver), pred in lymph nodes and bone marrow Type 4- amorphous (basement membrane)
39
Reticular fibers can be stained with what
Cannot be stained with h&e Can be stained with PAS because of glycoproteins Can also be stained with silver because of argyrophillic fibers
40
Reticular fibers are present in organs such as
Lymph nodes and spleen
41
Elastic fibers can be stained with
Cannot stain with h&e | Stain with Van Gieson or Weigert's elastic
42
A featureless substance occupying in life empty spaces,appearing in tissue sections Protects cells from mechanical energy
Ground substance
43
Ground substance is made up of 3 molecules
Glycosaminoglycans Proteoglycans Adhesive glycoproteins
44
There's 2 types of dense connective tissue
``` Dense irregular (most dense) in dermis Dense regular - has fewer cells, fewer vessels, and more densely arranged ... In tendons ``` EXPLAINS WHY TENDONS ARE HARDER TO HEAL THAN THE DERMIS
45
If an injury occurred, which part of the skin will heal easily or faster?loose irregular or dense c.t
Loose irregular because it has more space to heal and more blood supply
46
Loose irregular c.t is in what cell
Epithelium
47
Mucous c.t contains these cells
Mesenchymal
48
White adipose tissue consists of _____ adipose cells
Unilocular
49
White adipose tissue function
Store fat
50
Brown adipose tissue function
Produce heat
51
Brown adipose tissue consists of ____ adipose cells
Multilocular
52
What in the brown adipose tissue makes them brown
The mitochondria contains am enzyme called cytochrome
53
What is hydrostatic pressure
The force exerted by the heart,Forces fluid out of the capillary wall Higher at the arterial end of the capillary
54
What is colloid osmotic pressure
Draws water back into the capillaries
55
What would cause the colloid osmotic pressure to decrease
Starvation Parasitic infestation Blockage of lymph vessels
56
What is the difference between epithelium and connective tissue
Epithelium tissue is mainly cellular (very small intercellular tissue,avascular(receive nutrients by diffusion of blood vessels), and cells are arranged in layers C.T is fibrous, less cellular, vascular, cells are randomly disbursed in ground substance
57
Which cell synthesizes all immunoglobulins?
Plasma cells
58
Acute viral infection results in
High Lymphocytes
59
True or false | T lymphocytes outnumber b lymphocytes In circulation
True t lymphocytes is 80 -90 %
60
Which cell types lack granules
Neutrophils and lymphocytes
61
Which cell plays a role in Rejection of a tissue/transplant
Lymphocytes
62
GAG function
Regulate water and electrolyte balance
63
Examples of GAG
``` chondroitin sulfate (blood vessels,cartilage,bone) Heparin(anticoagulant) Hyaluronic acid(barrier for organisms in skin and lubricant in joints) ```
64
Consists of a core protein from which many GAGs extend
Proteoglycans
65
Glycoproteins function
Binds plasma membrane proteins to collagen and proteoglycans outside the cell
66
Which adipose tissue contains a signet ring
White adipose tissue
67
Increased blood pressure or hypoproteinemia leads to what
Increased fluid in the C.T (edema)
68
What are some things that could block Lymph vessels
Pressure (pregnancy) Parasites ( elephantiasis ) Decreased tone in the valves of Lymph vessels (due to old age)
69
What cell leaves the circulation, migrate to the trauma site and function in the removal of tissue debris
Monocytes
70
What prevents passage of material into the body via spaces between adjacent epithelial cells
Tight junctions
71
A magnetic resonance image (MRI) reveals an intracranial mass and you suspect it is an astrocytoma. A positive immunocytochemical reaction for which of the following would confirm your diagnosis
Glial Filaments
72
The secretion of which cell is most likely to break down histamine and serves to reduce side effects of an allergic reaction
Eosinophil
73
Cardiac muscle cells are most likely to have which junctional specialization enabling all fibers to contract simultaneously
Gap junction
74
What cell transforms into epithelioid tissue to wall off tuberculosis infection
Macrophages
75
What cell plays a role in increasing the permeability of blood vessels and smooth muscle cells especially in the lungs
Mast cells
76
This type of epithelia lies on basal laminae but all cells do not reach lumina
Pseudo stratified
77
This type of epithelia usually lines the kidneys
Simple cuboidal

Histo Connective Tissue (me) (1 decks)

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