Connective Tissue

Question 1

Charasteristic of connective tissue

Answer 1

Cell widely separated
Large amount of extracellular matrix
Connect tissue/cell/organ together
Provide support for organ body

Question 2

Component of connective tissue

Answer 2

Extracellular matrix (fibers,ground substances :glycosaminoglycan,proteoglycan,glycoprotein)

Cells

Question 3

Types of CT

Answer 3

Permanent

Wandering a.k.a short time

Question 4

Permanent CT cells

Answer 4

Fibroblast(chondro,osteoblast,reticulocytes)
Adipocytes
Mass cells
Macrophages

Question 5

List all Wandering cells

Answer 5

Lymphocytes
Neutrophil
Eusinophil
Basophil
Monocytes
Plasma cell

Question 6

Population of fibroblast and adipocytes

Answer 6

Mesenchymal cell(embryonic cell)

Fixed staying there forever

Question 7

Population of macrophages and mass cell

Answer 7

Originates from haemopoitic stem cells at bone marrow
Circulate in blood vessels
Move to CT

Question 8

Population of wandering cells

Answer 8

Haemopoitic stem cell in bone marrow

Migrate from blood into tissue in response to specific stimuli

Question 9

Describe fibroblast

Answer 9

Ovoid,large,pale stained nucleus
Abundant cytoplasm
Spindle shaped like
Prominent nucleus

Synthesize fiber,ground substances

Produce growth factor

Question 10

Describe macrophages

Answer 10

Oval kidney shaped nucleus
Irregular surface

Defence-phagocytosis bacteria
Immunological-process antigen from phagocyted materials and present to the lymphocytes

Question 11

Describe macrophages

Answer 11

Oval kidney shaped nucleus

Defence-phagocytosis bacteria
Immunological-process antigen from phagocyted materials and present to the lymphocytes

Question 12

Describe macrophages

Answer 12

Oval kidney shaped nucleus

Defence-phagocytosis bacteria
Immunological-process antigen from phagocyted materials and present to the lymphocytes

Question 13

Describe plasma cells

Answer 13

Spherical,Clock faced appearance bcs of the hemetrochromatin clupms,eccentric
Large ovoid cell
Juxtanuclear pale area is golgi apparatus,centrioles
Derived from b lymphocytes

Function:Immunological
-synthesize antobodies by the presence of antigen presented by the macrophages

Question 14

Describe adipocytes

Answer 14

Unilocular fat cells-white adipose tissue,signet ring appearance

Multilocular fat cells-brown adipose tissue as it have abundant of mitochondria,common in newborn

Storage of lipid,large depot for energy and heat

Question 15

3 types of fibers

Answer 15

Collegen
Reticular
Elastic

Question 16

3 types of ground substances

Answer 16

Proteoglycans
Glycosaminoglycan
Glycoprotein

Question 17

Describe collagen fibers

Answer 17

Most abundant
Collagen bundles appear as wavy structure in dense CT
Polymerization of collagen I and II protein

Collagen I is the strongest,peresnt in bone,tendon,capsules of organ,dermis
Collagen II present in cartilage
Not branching
Use acidophilic stain
White appearance under microscope

Question 18

3 Basic component in CT

Answer 18

Cells
Fibres
Ground substances

Question 19

How to classify CT

Answer 19

Functional aspect

Which component is predominating

Question 20

Describe loose (areolar) CT

Answer 20

More ground substances
Cells mostly fibroblast and macrophages
Support lining epithelium under pressure and friction
Form layers tht sheathe the blood vessel
A submucosal and subsebacous CT

Question 21

2 types of dense CT

Answer 21

Regular dense CT

Irregular dense CT

Question 22

List macrophage cells and its location

Answer 22

Kupffer cell (liver)
Langerhans cell (stranum spinosum)
Microglial cell (nerve tissue)
Osteoclast

Question 23

Describe plasma cells

Answer 23

Large ovoid cells
Juxtonuclear pale area:golgi body,centrioles
Nuclues: clock-face appearance due to heterochromatin clumps,eccentric,spherical

Derived from B lymphocytes

Immunogical: Synthesize antibodies in reponse to antigen presented by macrophage

Question 24

Describe mass cells

Answer 24

Abundant basophilic granules containing chemical mediator

Function : Defence (secretion of chemical mediator in response to allergic reaction)

Question 25

Describe reticular fibers

Answer 25

Collagen II fibrils Common in hemopoitic & lymphatic tissue Fibrils are thin,branching,extensive network Agyrophilic:stain black with silver salt stain

Question 26

What is reticular cells

Answer 26

A type of fibrioblast

Question 27

Describe elastic fibres

Answer 27

Collagen III fibrils Macroscopially yellowish Thinner than collagen fibres&arranged in branching pattern Predominates in dermis ,elastic cartilage,lung ,large artery Major component: elastin protein produced by fibroblast,endothelial ,smooth muscle,airway epithelial cells Allow tissue to strech&distension Poorly stained with eiosin in H&E ,appear refractive

Question 28

Special dye for elastic fibres

Answer 28

Orcein/resorcin-fuschin,it stainelastic fibres selectively

Question 29

Describe glycosaminoglycans(GAG)

Answer 29

A polysaccharides formed by chain of disaccharide units

Question 30

Describe proteoglycans

Answer 30

80%-90% GAG and bound to a protein core(10-20%)

Question 31

Describe Glycoprotein

Answer 31

Multiadhesive glycoproteins Function: interaction between cells,adhesion of cells to substrate

Question 32

Function of CT

Answer 32

``` Connect&bind cells, tissues,organs Defence&protection Structural support of organ&body Energy reservoir & heat production Medium for exhange nutrient&metabolites ```

Question 33

List specialized CT

Answer 33

``` Cartilage Bone Adipose tissue Blood Hemopoitic&lymphatic tissue ```

Question 34

What are embryonic CT

Answer 34

Mesenchyme | Mucous CT

Question 35

Describe dense CT

Answer 35

Collagen fibers&few cells predominate | Less flexible&more resistant to stres

Question 36

Describe dense regular CT

Answer 36

Collagen bundles arranged in regular pattern Great resistance to stress in longitudinal direction E.g : tendon,ligament

Question 37

Describe regular dense CT

Answer 37

Collagen bundles irregularly arranged Great resistance to stress in ALL DIRECTION E.g : dermis

Question 37

Describe regular dense CT

Answer 37

Collagen bundles irregularly arranged Great resistance to stress in ALL DIRECTION E.g : dermis

Question 38

Describe regular dense CT

Answer 38

Collagen bundles irregularly arranged Great resistance to stress in ALL DIRECTION E.g : dermis

Question 39

Describe brown adipose tissue

Answer 39

Produce more heat compare to white adipose tissue | Multilocular

Question 40

Describe white adipose tissue

Answer 40

Signet ring appearance | Unilocular

Question 41

Describe mesencyhme

Answer 41

An embryological CT Found in embryo Abundance of thick ground substances Reticular(collagen) fibers: very fine&sparse Mesenchymal cells:spindle shaped,small,uniform cells with multiple processes