Connective Tissue

Question 1

What is the function of connective tissue?

Answer 1

1. Connect epithelium to the rest of the body (basal lamina) 2. Provide structure (bone) 3. Store energy (fat) 4. Transport materials (blood) 5. Have no contact with environment

Question 2

What is the matrix composed of?

Answer 2

fibers and ground substance.

Question 3

What are the types of connective tissue proper? function?

Answer 3

1. loose CT: more ground substance, less fiber –> adipose tissue 2. Dense CT: more fibers, less ground substance.

Question 4

what are the 8 types of CT proper?

Answer 4

1. fibroblast 2. macrophages 3. adipocytes 4. mesenchymal cells 5. melanocytes 6. mast cells 7. lymphocytes 8. microphages

Question 5

what is the most common cell type? and what do they secrete?

Answer 5

fibroblast and they secrete proteins and hyaluronan

Question 6

What is the function of macrophages?

Answer 6

eat pathogens and damaged cells.

Question 7

What is the function of melanocytes?

Answer 7

synthesize and store the brown pigment of melanin.

Question 8

What is the function of mast cells? and give and example?

Answer 8

stimulate inflammation after injury or infection by real easing histamine and heparin For example: basophilsGi

Question 9

what are microphages and give an example?

Answer 9

phagocytic blood cells that respond to signals from macrophages and mast cells. For example: neutrophils and eosinophils.

Question 10

Where are collagen fibers located? what is the function?

Answer 10

1. collagen: most common fiber of CTP, resist force in 1 direction. They are long, straight, and unbranched For example: tendons and ligaments.

Question 11

What is the function of reticular fibers and give where are they located?

Answer 11

Reticular fibers stabilizes functional cells (parenchyma) and structures. They resist force in many directions. They are located in the liver, kidneys, spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow

Question 12

What is the function of elastic fibers and where are they located?

Answer 12

They contain elastin and return to original length after stretching. They are located on the elastic ligaments of vertebrae

Question 13

What are they two types of embryonic CT?

Answer 13

mesenchyme and mucous

Question 14

What is the first connective tissue in embryo?

Answer 14

mesenchyme (embryonic stem cells)

Question 15

What are the types of loose CT?

Answer 15

areolar, adipose and reticular.

Question 16

What is the function of areolar loose CT and where are they located?

Answer 16

holds blood vessels and capillary beds. They are located under the skin (subcutaneous layer).

Question 17

What is the function and location of adipose tissue?

Answer 17

Functions: padding and cushions schocks, insulaes and stores energy preserves.

Question 18

What are the two types of adipose tissue? and how are they different?

Answer 18

1. white fat: most common, stores fat, insulation, mainly in adults. 2. brown fat: more vascularized, breaks down fat and produces heat.

Question 19

what are the types of dense CT?

Answer 19

1. dense regular 2. dense irregular 3. elastic tissue

Question 20

What is the function of dense regular CT? give an example where are they located?

Answer 20

1. stabilization and attachment. 2. can be found on tendons ligaments and aponeuroses.

Question 21

What is the appearance of dense CT?

Answer 21

tightly packed collagen fibers with elongated fibroblast nuclei.

Question 22

What is the appearance of dense irregular CT and where can they be found?

Answer 22

They look like interwoven networks of collagen fibers; fibers running in all directions. **Found in: 1. layered in skin 2.around cartilage (perichondrium) 3. around bones (periosteum) 4. form capsules around some organs (live and kidneys)

Question 23

What is the appearance of elastic tissue and where can they be found?

Answer 23

long elastic fibers with fibroblast nuclei. **Found: 1. elastic ligaments of spinal vertebrae

Question 24

What constitute the fluid CT?

Answer 24

Blood and lymph. -carries formed elements

Question 25

What are formed elements?

Answer 25

1. RBCs 2. WBCs (monocytes, lymphoctes, eosinophil, basophil and neutrophil) 3. platelets.

Question 26

What constitute the fluid element of blood?

Answer 26

1. plasma 2. interstitial fluid 3. lymph

Question 27

What is lymph?

Answer 27

Extracellular fluid: -collected from interstitial space -monitored by immune system transported by lymphatic system returned to venous system

Question 28

What are the 2 fluid transport system in the body?

Answer 28

1. cardiovascular (blood) 2. lymphatic system (lymph)