Connective tissue

Question 1

what are the 5 functions of bone?

Answer 1

movement,m protection, Ca homeostasis, haematopoiesis

Question 2

what do osteoclasts do?

Answer 2

resorb bone in response to stress, growth, calcium status

Question 3

what are osteoprogenitor cells?

Answer 3

stem cells that form bone

Question 4

what do osteoblasts produce?

Answer 4

collagen, osteoid (bone matrix)

Question 5

what do osteocytes do?

Answer 5

maintain bone, involved in commnication

Question 6

what is the main component of extracellular martix and what is it composed of?

Answer 6

gel = ground substance

glycoproteins, aggrecan catilage, glycosaminoglycans

Question 7

what are the 3 main cell types in connective tissue?

Answer 7

fibroblasts –> collagen, elastin, glycosaminoglycans
adipocytes
immune cells

Question 8

where is connective tissue derived from embryologically?

Answer 8

mesoderm

Question 9

Which stain makes RBCs pink/ red?

Answer 9

Romanowsky

Question 10

what is romanowsky dye composed of?

Answer 10

eosin Y = acidic

azure B or methylene blue = basic

Question 11

what colour does DNA, platelets and cytoplasmic granules stain with the romanowsky dye?

Answer 11

purple/ blue

Question 12

what do chondroblasts secrete?

Answer 12

ground substance and collagen fibres

Question 13

what are the 3 types of cartilage?

Answer 13

hyaline (nose trachea)
elastic (ears)
fibrocartilage (pubic symphisis)

Question 14

what are the 2 things that pluripotent stem cells transform into to make blood cells?

Answer 14

CBUs (colony forming unit)

lymphoid progenitor

Question 15

What stimulates the production of red blood cells?

Answer 15

erythropoeitin

Question 16

What do colony forming units differentiate into?

Answer 16

erythroid burst forming units
CFU-GM (granylocyte, macrophage)
CFU-Meg (magacaryocyte)

Question 17

What are platelets derived from?

Answer 17

megacaryocytes

Question 18

Which WBCs are granular?

Answer 18

neutrophils, basophils, monocytes, eusinophils

Question 19

how many types of lymphoid cells are there?

Answer 19

2 - NK cells and small lymphocytes (T,B)

Question 20

what do myeloblasts differentiate into?

Answer 20

neutrophils, basophils, eusinophils, monocytes

Question 21

what do basophils defend against?

Answer 21

parasites

hypersensitivity reactions - bind IgE

Question 22

how many lobes does the neutrophil have and what does it defend against?

Answer 22

2-5

bacteria fungi

Question 23

which WBC has a kidney shaped nucleus?

Answer 23

monocyte –> bacteria fungi

Question 24

what do eusinophils defend against?

Answer 24

parasites

Question 25

what do NK cells defend against?

Answer 25

virus infected cells | tumour cells