Connective Tissue Fibers

Question 1

Function of connective tissue

Answer 1

-Maintains form and structures

Fills spaces

Supports soft tissue

Stores fat

mechanical role

Defense- phagocytic cells and immune cells

Forms physical barriers

Question 2

How is a collagen molecule formed?

1. Peptide coiling into a triple helix (intracellular)

Extracellular cleavage of registration peptides

Following action of lysyl oxidase

Grouping of fibers

Answer 2

Extracellular cleaveage of registration peptides

Question 3

Elastic fiber

Answer 3

Composed of microfibrils and elastins

Question 4

What does fibrilin form

Answer 4

Microfibrils- made of the protein fibrilin

Question 5

Elastins

Answer 5

contains 2 unique amino acids, desmosine and isodesmosine

Question 6

What are desmosines and isodesmosines made of?

Answer 6

4 lysine residues

Question 7

Characteristics of elastic

Answer 7

Stretches easily, returns to shape

Resistant to boiling, acids, and protease digestion

Fibers branch

Forms cloth-like structure in walls of some blood vessels

Special stain required (ex. Verhoff’s or Weigerts)- normally stains dark pink or black

Question 8

Location of elastin

Answer 8

Loose CT
Elastic CT
Elastic cartilage
Elastic arteries
Ligaments 
Dermis

Question 9

Does collagen branch?

Answer 9

NO

Question 10

If there was a defect in the protein fibrillin, which component of the elastic fiber would be affected the most?

1. Elastin core
2. Microfibrils
3. Fibril branching
4. Fiber staining with Weigerts

Answer 10

Microfibrils

Question 11

Reticular fibers-composition

Answer 11

Most type 3 collagen that is heavily glycosylated

Other minor components: glycoproteins, other colllagens, preoteoglycans

Question 12

Cells rich in reticular

Answer 12

Fibroblasts

Reticular cells (Hematopoietic)

Schwann cells

Question 13

Reticualr fibers- characteristics

Answer 13

Thin fibers

Fibers branch- due to other components and interactions

Form networks-very flexible

Argyrophilic (siler loving)

PAS-positive-high glycoproteins

Question 14

Organelles rich in reticular fibers

Answer 14

Spleen
Adipose
Liver
Endocrine glands
Lymph Nodes

Question 15

Which connective tissue is argyrophilic?

Answer 15

Recicular fibers

Question 16

Do all connective tissue have ground substance/

Answer 16

YES

Question 17

Function of ground substance/

Answer 17

Fills spaces
Lubricant
Barrier-very viscous
Binds cells to fibers

Question 18

Composition of ground substance

Answer 18

glycosaminoglycans
Proteoglycans
Proteoglycan aggregates
glycoproteins

Question 19

Characteristics of ground substance?

Answer 19

Colorless, transparents

Hydrated

Gel-like consistency

Question 20

Glycosaminoglycans

Answer 20

Ground substance

Repeating disaccharides

Question 21

Characteristics of GAG

Answer 21

Linear polysaccharides
most are sulfated- what binds the water. Makes them hydrated
Composition of sugars
Linkage between sugars
Location of sulfate groups

Question 22

Hyaluronic acid is a type of

Answer 22

A type of GAG

Question 23

Proteoglycan composition

Answer 23

Linear protein, and attached are GAGS

Question 24

Which of hte following provides the best description of proteoglycans

Chains of repeating dissachharides
GAGS attached to a core protein
Branched carbohydrate attached to a protein
Link proteins attaching

Answer 24

GAGS attached to a core protein

Question 25

A laboratory technician has isolated and purified a component o fth eextracellular matrix. Upon further investigation, it is shown that th molecules contain equal amoungs of sugar galactosamine and iduronic acid and a lesser amount of protein. Which of the following would be the best way to classify this molecule? A. Glycosaminoglycan B. P

Answer 25

Proteoglycan

Question 26

A laboratory technician has isolated and purifid another component of hte extracellular matrix. This component has a large globular protein and branched chains of carbohydrates

Answer 26

glycoprotein

Question 27

What are the 3 classificatoins of components that all connective tissues are made of?

Answer 27

Cells, fibers, ground substnace

Question 28

A graduate student is trying to identify a structure seen in a histology slide. The sturcture requires a special stain. Biochemical analysis showed that it contains desmosine and

Answer 28

Elastic fibers

Question 29

Which type of connective tissue would you most likely find immediately beneath epithelium?

Answer 29

Loose CT

Question 30

Elastic cells

Answer 30

Fibroblast Smooth muscle cells Chrondrocytes

Question 31

Location of elastic connective tissue

Answer 31

``` Loose CT Elastic CT Elastic cartilage Elastic arteies Ligaments Dermis ```

Question 32

Reticular formation-cells

Answer 32

Fibroblasts Reticular cells Schwann cells

Question 33

Location of reticular fibers

Answer 33

``` Spleen Lymph nodes Liver Endocrine glands Adipose ```

Question 34

Fixed cells of specialized CT

Answer 34

Adipocytes Chondrocytes Osteocytes Reticular cells

Question 35

Compound gland, parenchyma

Answer 35

The gland and duct portion of the compound gland

Question 36

Compound gland, stroma

Answer 36

The connective tissue component of the compound gland