Consciousness

Question 1

Consciousness

Answer 1

Movement to movement awareness of ourselves and the environment

Question 2

Conscious ( psychodynamic view

Answer 2

Are mental events that we are currently aware of

Question 3

Preconscious

Answer 3

Is outside of your current awareness and easily recalled

Question 4

Unconscious

Answer 4

Isn’t brought into current awareness under ordinary circumstances (unacceptable urges + tramatic experiences).

Question 5

Controlled cognitive view

Answer 5

Effortful- voluntary use of attention and conscious effort.

Question 6

Automatic cognitive view

Answer 6

Has little or no conscious processing- Routine well learned.

Question 7

The circadian rhythm

Answer 7

Refers to the body’s natural 24 hour cycle, roughly matched to the day/night cycle of light and dark.

Question 8

In stages of sleep we….

Answer 8

Cycle through stages roughly every 90 minutes.

Question 9

Beta waves

Answer 9

Occur when awake and alert

Question 10

Alpha waves

Answer 10

Occur when relaxed and drowsy

Question 11

Stage 1

Answer 11

Light sleep

Question 12

Stage 2

Answer 12

Sleep deepens, muscles become more relaxed .

Question 13

Stage 3

Answer 13

Sleep deepens, regular appearance of delta waves.

Question 14

Stage 4

Answer 14

Sleep deepens, delta waves dominate pattern.

Question 15

What happens after stage 4

Answer 15

You go back through earlier stages 3, 2, but not 1. Instead the REM stage occurs.

Question 16

REM sleep

Answer 16

Rapid eye movements, high arousal, and frequent dreaming.

Question 17

Eugine Aserinsky’s discovery

Answer 17

Dreams occur during periods of wild brain activity and rapid eye movements (REM)

Question 18

Sleep paralysis

Answer 18

Occurs when the brain stem blocks the motor cortex’s messages and muscles don’t move. Known as paradoxical sleep, your brain is active but your muscles are immobile.

Question 19

Restoration model

Answer 19

Sleep recharges our bodies and allows recovery from physical and mental fatigue.

Question 20

How much sleep does a young adult nedd each night?

Answer 20

7-9 hours

Question 21

Insomnia

Answer 21

Chronic difficulty in falling asleep, staying asleep, or experiencing restful sleep (most common sleep disorder).

Question 22

Pseudoinsomniacs

Answer 22

Complain of insomnia but sleep normally.

Question 23

Narcolepsy

Answer 23

Extreme daytime sleepiness and sudden, uncontrollable sleep attacks.

Question 24

REM sleep behaviour disorder

Answer 24

Loss of muscle tone that causes REM and sleep paralysis. Sleeper may act out in dreams and may kick, punch, or move wildly.

Question 25

Sleep Apnea

Answer 25

Repeated cycle in which breathing stops and restarts during sleep.

Question 26

Sleepwalking

Answer 26

Typically occurs during stage 3 and 4.

Question 27

Freud's Psychonanalytic theory

Answer 27

That dreams are wish fulfillment. Are gratification of unconscious desires/ needs. (Sexual and aggressive urges)

Question 28

Agonsists

Answer 28

Increase neurotransmitter activity

Question 29

Antagonists

Answer 29

Inhibit or decrease neurotransmitter activity

Question 30

Tolerance

Answer 30

Decrease in responsivity to drug (need larger doses). Neural, metabolic, and behavioural.

Question 31

Withdrawal

Answer 31

Compensatory responses after drug is discontinued.

Question 32

Cocaine

Answer 32

blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine.

Question 33

Crack

Answer 33

Chemically converted form of cocaine. The effects are faster and more intense.

Question 34

Hallucinogens

Answer 34

produce hallucinations.