Conservation of Energy

Question 1

Name all 8 different energy stores:

Answer 1

Thermal
Kinetic
Gravitational potential
Elastic potential
Chemical
Magnetic
Electrostatic 
Nuclear

Question 2

What does movement result in for energy?

Answer 2

Anything that is moving has energy in its kinetic energy store.
Energy is transferred to this store when it speeds up and is transferred away when it slows down

Question 3

What is the conservation of energy principal?

Answer 3

Energy can be stored, transferred between stores, and dissipated, but it can never be created or destroyed.

Question 4

Name two different types of energy transfer:

Answer 4

Mechanically, a force acting on an object
Electrically, à charge doing work
By heating, energy transferred from a hitter object to a colder object
By radiation, energy transferred by waves

Question 5

What is another important principle you need to know about the usefulnesses of transferring energy?

Answer 5

Energy is only useful when it is transferred from one store to a useful store.

Question 6

What is the calculation for total energy input?

Answer 6

Total energy input= useful energy output + wasted energy

Question 7

What is the calculation for efficiency?

Answer 7

Efficiency= useful energy transferred by the device (j) / total energy supplied to the device (j)

Question 8

What are lubricants used for?

Answer 8

Lubricants are used to reduce friction which means less kinetic energy is transferred when an object moves.

Question 9

What is conduction?

Answer 9

When particles are heated they collide with each other which causes kinetic energy to be transferred.

Question 10

What is a non-renewable energy source?

Answer 10

They are usually fossil fuels and nuclear fuels.

Question 11

What is a fossil fuel?

Answer 11

They are natural resources that form underground over millions of years.

Question 12

What are 3 key points for fossil fuels?

Answer 12

. They will all run out one day
. They all do damage to the environment
. They provide most of our energy

Question 13

What is a renewable energy resource?

Answer 13

They are sources of energy that can be remade and constantly reused.

Question 14

What are 3 key points for renewable resources?

Answer 14

. They will run out
. They do less damage to the environment compared to fossil fuels
. They don’t provide much energy and some depend on weather so don’t always work

Question 15

What is the problem with using renewable resources instead of non-renewable resources?

Answer 15

The renewable resources sound great but they don’t meet all of our needs for energy so we have to rely on non-renewable resources.

Question 16

Name and explain the effect of 3 problems that fossil fuels cause:

Answer 16

. Coal, oil and gas release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when they’re burned. This creates s greenhouse effect and leads to global warming
. Burning coal and oil also releases sulfur dioxide, which causes acid rain. Which can be harmful to trees and soils and can have far-reaching effects in ecosystems
. Oil spillages cause serious environmental problems, affecting mammals and birds that live in and around the sea. We. Try to avoid them, but they’ll always happen.

Question 17

Name 3 negatives of nuclear fuel:

Answer 17

. Nuclear waste is dangerous and very difficult to dispose of
. Overall cost of nuclear power is high due to the cost of the power plant and final decommissioning
. There is a risk of a major catastrophe