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History 8 > Constitution and Westward Expansion > Flashcards

Constitution and Westward Expansion Flashcards

1
Q

Double Jeopardy

A

In the 5th amendement you cannot be tried for the same crime twice

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2
Q

Self Incrimination

A

A person has the right to not self incriminate , plead the fifth 5th Amendment

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3
Q

Just Compensation

A

The government has to fairly pay for private property 5th Amendment

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4
Q

Warrant

A

A document that allows the government to search your house 4th Amendment Protects from unreasonable searches and seizures

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5
Q

Due Process

A

Fifth Amendment/14th amendment , The government has to act fairly

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6
Q

Slander vs. Libel

A

Knowingly making a false verbal statement , Making a false written statement

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7
Q

Daniel Shays

A

Veteran of Rev war , farmer from massechustes , Shays rebellion , wanted to get rid of debt

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8
Q

James Madison

A

Federalist , 4th president , known as father of the Constituion, president during war of 1812, Comprimise of 1790 , Helped write the bill of rights, Passed 17 amendments

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9
Q

George Washington

A

1st president , General in the cont army, lived in Mount Vernon , A LOT MORE

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10
Q

Alexander Hamilton

A

Federalist , wanted strong federal government , first secretary of treasury. National banks and NOT A PRESIDENT, founding father , wrote federalist papers with John Jay

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11
Q

George Mason

A

One of the founding fathers , one of the 3 delegates that refused to sign the constitution. From VA. He famously penned the Virginia Bill of Rights and Constitution.

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12
Q

Shays Rebellion

A

Lead by Daniel Shays after a lot of people were in debt after the Revoultionary War due to the contential dollar being worthless

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13
Q

Constitutional Convention

A

An event where people addresed the problems of a weak government due to the Articles of Confederation.Was held in Philly. Secretive - didn’t want people to hear what they were debating.

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14
Q

Manifest Destiny

A

The 19th century belief that American expansion was justified and inevitable ( Associated with American Progress painting ) “Sea to shining sea”

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15
Q

Louisiana Territory

A

Land aquired from the Lousinia purchase in which Thomas Jefferson bought a lot of land from Napoleon at a low price. 15 million dollars. Jefferson’s “Great Gamble” / legacy. Doubled the size of the US, encouraged westward expansion.

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16
Q

Florida

A

Spanish owned land but eventually aqquired by the USA
Ownedby Spain, relinquished to GB after the French and Indian War, given back to Spain after the American Revolution and then we took it by force

Spain’s hold on Florida proved tenuous in the years after American independence, and numerous boundary disputes developed with the United States. In 1819, after years of negotiations, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams achieved a diplomatic coup with the signing of the Florida Purchase Treaty, which officially put Florida into U.S. hands at no cost beyond the U.S. assumption of some $5 million of claims by U.S. citizens against Spain. Formal U.S. occupation began in 1821, and General Andrew Jackson, the hero of the War of 1812, was appointed military governor. Florida was organized as a U.S. territory in 1822 and was admitted into the Union as a slave state in 1845.

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17
Q

Texas (Lone Star Republic)

A

Fought for against Mexico , started out as a territory and not a state,

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18
Q

Enumeration Clause

A

Knowing how many members of the house of rep there are
a clause in Article 1, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution requiring a count of the population in each state every ten years for the purpose of apportioning representatives.

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19
Q

The Articles of Confederation

A

The early constitution , failed miserably so the constitution was created

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20
Q

Federalists

A

People that were for the constitution and supported a tronger federal government , did not belive the Bills of Rights was needed

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21
Q

Anti-Federalists

A

Against the constituion and did belive that the articles of confederation could be fixed , more power for states and belived in a bill of rights.

22
Q

The Federalist Papers

A

A set of 85 essays mostly written by Alexander Hamilton but John Jay and James Madison also contributed.

23
Q

3/5ths Compromise

A

Every 3 out of 5 slaves count torwards a states populatiom.Benefitted the slave states because it gave them more population (but that population couldn’t vote)

24
Q

Slave Importation Clause

A

Congress could not ban slave importation for 20 years.And the tax on an enslaved person had to be less than 10 dollars.

25
Q

Fugitive Slave Clause

A

Gave enslavers the right to take slaves that escaped

26
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

Designed to protect the small states , 1 vote per state - bicameral legislation

27
Q

Virginia Plan

A

Outlined 3 branches of gov and the the senate and house of rep.Favored using population to determine number of representatives. Strong national government.

28
Q

Great Compromise

A

Mixof the NJ and VA plan. The Senate was for the small states (equal number of reps per state) and House was for big states - determined by population. Defined the legeslatvie structure and repersantation each state would have. Plans came to fruition in the Constitution (how our government is outlined)

29
Q

Bicameral

A

Having 2 branches

30
Q

Electoral College

A

Determins how many points each state is worth when voting.

31
Q

James K. Polk

A

The 11th US president , annexed the Republic of texas, the oregon territory and the Mexican Cession

32
Q

Zachary Taylor

A

The 12th US president that only served for a little more than a year. Became recongized because he was a very important general in the Mexican-American war.

33
Q

Mountain Men

A

An early explorer that was most common in the Rocky Mountains , included Jedidash Smith, mostly hunted for furs.

34
Q

Pioneer Women

A

Women that carried refinment , sprit and character into the west

35
Q

Mormons

A

A member of a Christian movement founded by Joseph Smith Hr in 1830

36
Q

Christian Missionaries

A

Missionaries that were sent out in the west to convert people to Christianity

37
Q

49ers

A

People that hunted for gold in California , name is based of the year.w

38
Q

Joseph Smith

A

American religious leader , published the book of Mormon

39
Q

Brigham Young

A

American reiligious leader , second president of the CHurch of jesus Chrrist of Latter-Day saints and led mormons west

40
Q

Levis Straus

A

Founded the first compnay to manufacture blue jeans

41
Q

Francis Scott Key

A

American laywer , author , poet, known for writing the Star Spangled Banner

42
Q

Rendezvous

A

twice a year mountain men would meet up and trade furs and equipment.

43
Q

The Whitman Family

A

Missionaries that established a mission but were killed by natives living there

44
Q

Oregon Territory

A

stretched from the Pacific coast to the Rocky Mountains, encompassing the area including present-day Oregon, Washington, and most of British Columbia.Originally Spain, Great Britain, Russia, and the United States claimed the territory.

45
Q

Mexican Cession

A

Under the terms of the treaty negotiated by Trist, Mexico ceded to the United States Upper California and New Mexico

46
Q

Gadsden Purchase

A

was an agreement between the United States and Mexico, finalized in 1854, in which the United States agreed to pay Mexico $10 million for a 29,670 square mile portion of Mexico that later became part of Arizona and New Mexico

47
Q

Battle of Fort McHenry

A

The failed bombardment of Fort McHenry forced the British to abandon their land assault on the crucial port city of Baltimore. This British defeat was a turning point in the War of 1812, leading both sides to reach a peace agreement later that year.

48
Q

Star Spangled Banner

A

Francis Scott Key wrote the “Star-Spangled Banner” as a joyous poem after he was relieved that the United States had preserved against British attack. Since then it has evolved into the national anthem for the United States and is played at official events, schools, and sporting events.

49
Q

Assimilation (Americanization of Natives)

A

a series of efforts in the United States of America to assimilate Native Americans into mainstream European-American culture between the 1790s and 1920s

50
Q

“American Progress” John Gast, 1872

A

A painting by join gast in which the spirit of America is seen moving west and the angel repersents americas ideals and Manifest Destiny

History 8 (3 decks)

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