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Constitution Test Flashcards

(81 cards)

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1
Q

Amendment 25

A

Succussion of offices of the President

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2
Q

Great Compromise

A

decided to take some ideas from each plan; Senate – equal number for each state, House – based on population

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3
Q

Electoral College Votes

A

538 votes available today; 100 from the senate and 435 from the House and 3 for DC

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4
Q

Quorum

A

at least half of the group must be present to make a decision

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5
Q

Virginia Plan

A

introduced by Edward Randolph: throw out the Articles of Confederation and allow the states to make up laws, three branches of government (elected reps by population) This plan favored large states

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6
Q

Pardon

A

a remission of the legal consequences of an offense or conviction

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7
Q

Veto

A

a constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal

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8
Q

Checks and Balances

A

counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated, typically those ensuring that political power is not concentrated in the hands of individuals or groups

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9
Q

3/5’s Compromise

A

For every 5 slaves, you count 3 free people for representation and taxes

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10
Q

Purposes of the Preamble

A

insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, establish justice, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity

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11
Q

Constitution

A

the basic written set of principals and precedents of the federal government in the US, which came into operation in 1789 and has since been modified with 27 amendments

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12
Q

Cabinet

A

The committee of senior ministers responsible for controlling government policy

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13
Q

Bill

A

a draft of a proposed law presented to parliament for discussion

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14
Q

Bill of Rights

A

first ten amendments, ratified in 1791

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15
Q

Article 4

A

Requires that the legislative and judicial decisions of one state be honored by the others. The requirements for adding states to the Union

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16
Q

Impeach

A

charge the holder of a public office with misconduct

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17
Q

Amendment

A

change to the constitution

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18
Q

Amendment 9

A

Guarantee of rights not listed in Constitution

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19
Q

Ratification

A

sign or give formal consent to something, making it officially valid

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20
Q

Amendment 7

A

Right to a jury trial in civil cases

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21
Q

Amendment 18

A

Prohibition of alcoholic beverages

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22
Q

Article 5

A

Describes the process for amending the Constitution

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23
Q

Amendment 19

A

Women’s Suffrage

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24
Q

Due Process

A

fair treatment through the normal judicial system

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25
Amendment 10
Rights of states and people
26
Amendment 6
Right to be in-formed of charges be present when wit-nesses speak in court, to call defense witnesses, to have a lawyer
27
Bill of Attainder
There can't be a law about one person (Beyoncé law)
28
State department
foreign affairs
29
Amendment 8
Freedom from excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment
30
Article 7
This states that approval by 9 of the 12 states is needed to ratify the Constitution
31
Department of Energy
Nuclear material, solar power, hydro power
32
Women's Suffrage
The right of women to vote
33
Defense Department
Branches of the military
34
Writ of Habeas Corpus
The right to know why you are being detained/charged
35
Amendment 15
Black suffrage
36
Judicial Review
the doctrine under which the legislative and executive branches are subject to review by the judicial branch
37
Article 2
Covers the Executive branch and election of the president and vice president
38
Ex-Post Facto
Preventing an after the fact law
39
New Jersey Plan
introduced by William Patterson: revised the Articles to make the central government smaller, Congress would have a delegate from each state. This plan favored small states
40
Commerce department
Trade
41
Preamble
a preliminary or preparatory statement
42
Amendment 5
Right to grant jury indictment, no double jeopardy, freedom from self-incrimination, due process of law
43
Treasury department
manage economy
44
Article 3
Established the supreme court and the Judicial branch
45
Amendment 14
Right to be free from discrimination in states to have due process of law, to have equal protection of the law
46
Department of Housing and Urban Development
Housing for the less fortunate
47
Article 1
Grants legislative power to the Senate and the House. Lists the powers that are granted to Congress
48
Amendment 13
Abolition of slavery Outlawed
49
Amendment 22
Limitation of Presidential term of office
50
Article 6
Supremacy clause: constitution, laws, treaties are the supreme laws of the land
51
Justice department
law enforcement
52
Amendment 3
Right to not have to quarter soldiers and seizures
53
Department of Transportation
flights, cars, roads
54
Amendment 21
Repeal to Prohibition
55
Interior department
public lands
56
Elastic Clause
Congress has the power to make all other necessary laws (allows congress to adapt)
57
Amendment 12
Election of the President(Election Procedures)
58
Amendment 4
Right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures
59
Department of Health and Human Services
USDA, safe food and drugs
60
Labor Department
Worker safety, minimum wage
61
Amendment 2
Right to bear arms
62
Department of Homeland Security
Terrorism, TSA, FEMA, NIS,
63
Department of Agriculture
Farming, forestry
64
Article 1, Section 8
Congress can raise taxes, create national debt, regulate trade, establish post offices, patent laws, interstate commerce, immigration, counterfeiting, courts, piracy, raise the army, navy, national guard, Elastic clause
65
Amendment 23
Voters in DC given the right to vote for president
66
Department of Education
Education standards, grants
67
Amendment 11
Prevents suits against states
68
Amendment 1
Freedom of religion, press, speech, assembly, petition
69
Department of Veterans Affairs
Benefits for veterans and their families
70
Amendment 26
18 year olds given the right to vote
71
Amendment 24
Abolition of poll taxes
72
Legislative branch
Headed by congress and includes the House of Representatives and the Senate
73
Judicial branch
Headed by the Supreme Court, powers include interpreting Constitution, reviewing laws, and deciding cases involving states rights
74
Executive branch
Headed by president, carries out federal laws, directs national defense and foreign policy, vetoes laws
75
House of Representatives
elected directly by the people, serve for 2 years, number by population, have impeachment power
76
Senate
elected directly by the people, serve for 6 years, 2 for each state. VP resides over senate but only speaks if a tie, they have the impeachment trail: 2/3
77
Minor Courts
Handles the least serious cases: city ordinance violations, such as speeding tickets and parking violations.
78
Major Trial Courts
Handles cases that involve state constitutional issues, state statutes, and common law: felony cases, such as murder or rape
79
Intermediate Appellate Courts
Review cases that have been decided by trial courts, do not hear new evidence; they decide whether the lower court (the trial court) correctly applied the law in the case
80
State Supreme Courts
Review cases that deal with state law
81
The Supreme Court
The nation's highest appellate court, once the Court reviews a case, and renders a final judgment, further appeals cannot be made

US History (3 decks)

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