Contemporary Urban Environments

Question 1

What is the definition of urbanisation

Answer 1

The increase of the proportion of people moving to urban areas.

Question 2

What are some general qualities of urban areas

Answer 2

1. ) towns and cities
2. ) high population density
3. )majority of employment not in agriculture.

Question 3

What are some general features of rural areas

Answer 3

1. ) small villages, hamlets and areas of land.

2. ) low population density.

Question 4

What is happening to the amount of people moving to urban areas globally

Answer 4

It’s increasing

Question 5

In the past 500 years what rate was urabn population at

Answer 5

Relatively constant

Question 6

What is happening to the rate of urbanisation

Answer 6

Decreasing

Question 7

The rate of rural to urban migration is…..

Answer 7

Decreasing

Question 8

What is happening to population growth in urabn areas…

Answer 8

Slowing

Question 9

on a global scale are there more people living in urban areas or rural areas.

Answer 9

urban

Question 10

what percentage of people live in urban areas

Answer 10

55

Question 11

since 1950 what has the population of the world gone from and what is it now

Answer 11

750 million to 7.8 billion

Question 12

What is happening to global urbanisation

Answer 12

continues to increase

Question 13

What is happening more frequently to rural areas that surround urbanised suburban areas and what is the process called

Answer 13

they in turn are becoming more suburbanised- process called urban sprawl.

Question 14

Why is urbanisation increasingly majorly

Answer 14

due to the high rates of migration from rural areas to urban areas.

Question 15

What is suburbanisation.

Answer 15

Where urban areas grow so that rural settlements such as villages become absorbed into the urban areas and engulfed by the city.

Question 16

When does suburbanisation usually occur.

Answer 16

Usually occurs when wealthier people decide to move away from the central city into the suburbs in searching for a better quality of life.

Question 17

When urbanisation happens, and there is a larger population to accommodate, what is there a higher demand for.

Answer 17

suburbs and this hence increases the suburban area causing it to expand.

Question 18

What is the major disadvantage with suburbanisation

Answer 18

can lead to inner-city area becoming deprived, and house prices within the suburbs increasing.

Question 19

why are strategies to limit suburbanisation usually put in place

Answer 19

To limit urban sprawl.

Question 20

What is an example of a strategy to limit suburbanisation

Answer 20

A green belt

Question 21

What is a green belt

Answer 21

An area around a city where building is restricted in order to preserve rural areas.

Question 22

Why are green belts not always successful

Answer 22

As developers can work to remove green belt status in order to build on that land.

Question 23

What is counter- urbanisation

Answer 23

The process of people moving out of cities into rural areas.

Question 24

Why does counter-urbanisation typically take place.

Answer 24

as people seek for a better quality of life due to urban quality of life being unsatisfactory.

Question 25

why are there now less drawbacks when living in a rural area

Answer 25

Due to the advancements in modern technology and socio-economics

Question 26

What are push factors of urbanisation

Answer 26

Famine, drought, poor healthcare, isolation.

Question 27

What are pull factors of urbanisation

Answer 27

Opportunities, jobs, education, better healthcare, hope

Question 28

What are the push factors of counter-urbanisation.

Answer 28

Pollution, large industrial areas, economic decline, overcrowding.

Question 29

What are the pull factors of counter-urbanisation

Answer 29

Clean air, more space, countryside, better value housing.

Question 30

What are the advantages of urbanisation

Answer 30

- population more likely to gain skills. - access to better healthcare. - city develops over time.

Question 31

What are the advantages of counter-urbanisation

Answer 31

- Forces inner-city urban areas to regenerate or face collapse. - helps reduce overcrowding. - Helps reduce housing shortages.

Question 32

What are the disadvantages of urbanisation

Answer 32

- Increase in unplanned housing posing a great risk to the population during natural disasters. Water pollution increases/ - The poor are likely to be exploited. - Large social divide in cities.

Question 33

What are the disadvantages of counter-urbanisation

Answer 33

- Higher rural house prices. - More traffic and congestion. - less public transport use in villages. - Conflict between the existing elderly population and the new residents.

Question 34

counter-urbanisation is increasing but is it higher than urbanisation rates.

Answer 34

no

Question 35

What is urban resurgence

Answer 35

The process of people moving back into the city, especially after the deterioration of areas.

Question 36

When does urban resurgence usually occur

Answer 36

when schemes are put in place that aim to improve the quality of life in the city area. Schemes encourage city centre to economically grow and regenerate.

Question 37

How does urban resurgence cause socio-economic inequalities

Answer 37

As gentrification and excess wealth in the newly redeveloped areas mean that the original population can struggle to keep up with higher hou

Question 38

What is a megacity

Answer 38

urban areas with a very high population, specifically a population of over 10 million people.

Question 39

How may megacities where there in 1950 and what where they.

Answer 39

2 - New York and Tokyo.

Question 40

how many megacities are there currently

Answer 40

33

Question 41

Why are megacities integral in contributing to national and regional economies.

Answer 41

As there large workforce allows for rapid economic growth compared to the rest of the country.

Question 42

What is a world city.

Answer 42

A city that has significant and economic influence on a global scale. Defined by their importance to world affairs and not size or population like megacities are.

Question 43

What are 3 examples of world cities

Answer 43

- Tokyo - New York - London.

Question 44

What are world cities often hubs for

Answer 44

Banking and Finance.

Question 45

What things typically characterise a world city.

Answer 45

1. ) Rich Culture 2. ) Influence over social affairs. 3. ) Connected to the world via excellent transport links.

Question 46

What are 5 process associated with urban change.

Answer 46

1. ) Social. 2. ) Demographic. 3. ) Economic. 4. ) Political. 5. )Technological.

Question 47

How does urbanisation cause cities to change socially

Answer 47

- People from different social and cultural backgrounds. -increase in multiculturalism - making cities more diverse - urbanised areas become cultural hubs - more museums, galleries, theatres and shopping centres. - Urbanisation improves access to different jobs, education, healthcare services etc.- increasing quality of life. - Provides access to a wide range of jobs - more income - positively affecting quality of life.

Question 48

How does urbanisation cause cities to change economically

Answer 48

- Urbanisation leads to a shift in employment from primary sector to tertiary sector jobs. - increases in the amount of higher wage jobs - more economic development. - Rural-Urban migration associated with urbanisation brings a large population to urban areas. - more people working and contributing to the economy. - Urban growth leads the development of a range of businesses and industries. - Economic inequalities. - arise due to unsustainable urbanisation.- Cost of living becomes higher.

Question 49

How does urbanisation cause cities to change technologically.

Answer 49

- Urban areas often become centres for technological advancements. - New technology is often introduced into cities at first as higher demand.

Question 50

How does urbanisation cause cities to change politically.

Answer 50

- Central political institutions are always in the capital. | - Political movements are usually more prevalent in cities .

Question 51

How does urbanisation cause the city to change demographically.

Answer 51

- Cities host a lot of cultural diversity, making the demographic more diverse. - Usually a demographic of young adults, as better education, social life and chance of employment. - Older people tend to move away from cities into the suburbs in search of better quality of life.