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Jekyll and Hyde > Context > Flashcards

Context Flashcards

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1
Q

Who created the theory of atavism?

A

Lombroso, an Italian doctor

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2
Q

What is the theory of atavism?

A

humans evolved from primitive forms so could return to this basic state and succumb to primitive urges

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3
Q

What did Lombroso believe in?

A

idea of the born criminal
criminals could be identified by their appearance, particularly skulls

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4
Q

What features, in atavism, were so frequently remarked in criminals?

A

sugar-loaf or angular skull
big eyes, jaws, canines
arm span exceeds height
hairiness

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5
Q

When was ‘Origin of Species’ published?

A

1859

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6
Q

Who wrote ‘Origin of Species’?

A

Charles Darwin

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7
Q

What did the publishing of ‘Origin of Species’ cause?

A

ape vs. angel debate

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8
Q

What was the ‘ape vs. angel’ debate?

A

victorians lived in a pious society so were disgusted by idea that humans had evolved from primitive creatures

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9
Q

What was a cultural obsession in the Victorian era?

A

freak shows

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10
Q

Give an example of a freak show

A

PT Barnums’ Congress of Freaks

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11
Q

What was expected of a Victorian gentleman?

A

patience, calm attitude

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12
Q

What is calvinism?

A

branch of Christianity

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13
Q

What is a calvanist’s view?

A

total depravity ; original sin is unavoidable
people may appear outwardly good but they will always have sinful intentions

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14
Q

What did ‘gross indecency’ refer to?

A

homosexual acts between two men

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15
Q

What made ‘gross indecency’ punishable by hanging?

A

1885 Criminal Law Amendment Act

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16
Q

When was Jekyll and Hyde written?

A

1886

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17
Q

Who wrote Jekyll and Hyde?

A

Robert Louis Stevenson

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18
Q

When did RLS write the Body Snatcher?

A

1884

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19
Q

What happens in the Body Snatcher?

A

a man is haunted by his guilty conscience and one of his victims

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20
Q

What are symptoms of syphillis?

A

rashes, sores, growths
infertility, hair loss

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21
Q

How did the Victorians treat syphillis?

A

mercury

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22
Q

Examples of prudery and repression in Victorian era

A

arms and legs = ‘extremities’, ‘limbs’
Language of Flowers

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23
Q

Examples of Language of Flowers

A

Red Carnations ; ‘my heart aches for you’
Pink ; ‘Yes’
White Rose ; ‘I cannot’

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24
Q

What form is Jekyll and Hyde?

A

gothic shilling shocker

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25
What social ills was the Victorian period known for?
poverty child labour drug and alcohol abuse prostitution
26
How many prostitutes were there in London during the 1850s?
80,000 prostitutes
27
What did Victorians enjoy?
gossip and scandal
28
What did Victorians like to read?
publications that provided gossip and talk of contemporary celebrities
29
Which publication of gossip was first published in 1843?
News of the World
30
When was News of the World first published?
1843
31
What was News of the World?
publication of gossip and talk of contemporary celebrities
32
What was Laudanum?
mixture of opium and alcohol
33
What was the drug of choice during the Victorian era?
laudanum
34
Which social classes used laudanum?
all social classes
35
How available was laudanum?
freely available
36
What was a popular drink during the Victorian times?
gin
37
Where could gin be enjoyed during Victorian times?
gin palaces
38
What was the population of London in 1831?
1.8 million
39
What was the population of London in 1901?
6.5 million
40
What was population density of London in 1831?
3,021
41
What was the population density of London in 1901?
10,466
42
What did increase in urban population result in for Victorians in London?
postal service telegraph / telephone service sewage system
43
What did crowded slums mean for those living in them?
poor living conditions disease
44
What disease was rife in crowded slums in Victorian London?
tuberculosis
45
What major change occurred during the Victorian period?
industrial revolution
46
How does the urban landscape subvert the expectations of the gothic tropes?
set in busy bustling city rather than isolated countryside/marshes
47
Did Stevenson visit London before writing Jekyll and Hyde?
no
48
What city did Stevenson base his description of London off?
Edinburgh
49
Who was Deacon Brodie?
a cabinet maker
50
What was Stevenson's link to Deacon Brodie?
he owned one of his cabinets
51
What did Deacon Brodie do?
he was a night time burglar
52
How does Deacon Brodie represent deception and duality?
cabinet maker - burglar so respectable yet such a criminal
53
What kind of novel is Jekyll and Hyde?
gothic shilling shocker
54
Why were Victorians obsessed with death?
death of Prince Albert
55
How long did Queen Victoria mourn Albert for?
40 years
56
How did Queen Victoria mourn Albert?
black clothing and jewellery
57
How did Queen Victoria's mourning influence everyday people?
black clothing and jewellery very popular
58
What was at the edge of every large Victorian city?
graveyards
59
How would Victorians have felt about Jekyll's suicide?
outraged shocked
60
Why were Victorians obsessed with crime?
invention of printing press - newspapers
61
How could we diagnose Jekyll?
Double Consciousness Criminal Responsibility Moral Insanity Sexual perversion
62
Who wrote about the idea of Double Conciousness?
Theodule Ribot
63
Who wrote 'Diseases of Memory'?
Theodule Ribot
64
What book did Theodule Ribot write?
Diseases of Memory
65
When did Theodule Ribot write 'Diseases of Memory'?
1882
66
How does 'Disease of Memory' link to Jekyll and Hyde?
- 'compound' of good and evil - 'highest state' 'succumbs' becoming immoral
67
Who wrote about the idea of Moral Insanity?
Cowles Pritchard
68
Who wrote 'Treatise on Insanity and Other Disorders affecting the mind'?
Cowles Pritchard
69
What book did Cowles Pritchard write?
Treatise of Insanity and Other Disorders Affecting the Mind
70
When did Cowles Pritchard write 'Treatise of Insanity and Other Disorders Affecting the Mind'?
1835
71
How does Treatise of Insanity link to Jekyll and Hyde?
Case No. 3
72
What is case No. 3 of Treatise of Insanity?
- reputable man becomes reckless - suspicious of friends - falls into poor company
73
Who wrote about the idea of criminal responsibility?
Francis Galton
74
Who was Francis Galton?
founder of science of eugenics pioneer of sociological method
75
What did Francis Galton devise?
composite photography
76
How did Francis Galton use composite photography?
captured visual essence of criminality
77
What book did Francis Galton write?
Inquiries into Human Faculty
78
Who wrote Inquiries into Human Faculty?
Francis Galton
79
When did Francis Galton write Inquiries into Human Faculty?
1883
80
What did Francis Galton aim to do?
isolate tendencies within human genus
81
Who did Francis Galton take photos of?
social types - race, class, healthy, consumptive, criminal
82
Why did Francs Galton take photos of social types?
to determine physiognomic average of each
83
How did Francis Galton use his photographs?
exposed 8 photos to photographic plate for 1/8 of time
84
What did Francis Galton produce?
graphic average produced
85
Who wrote about the idea of Sexual Perversion?
Richard Von Kraft Ebbing
86
What book did Richard Von Kraft Ebbing write?
Psychopathia Sexualis
87
Who wrote Psychopathia Sexualis?
Richard Von Kraft Ebbing
88
When was Psychopathia Sexualis written?
1886
89
Which new interest did Psychopathia Sexualis explore?
sexology
90
What did sexology do?
classified perversions
91
How did Psychopathia Sexualis approach perversions?
pathological approach
92
How did the pathological approach to perversions differ from the norm?
shifted from act to instigator
93
How did the pathological approach investigate the insitgator?
ancestry childhood physical/mental constitution
94
How does Pyschopathia Sexualis link to Jekyll and Hyde?
'cruel, soulless, degrading vice' - erotic element in Hyde's activities
95
How does Francis Galton's composite photography link to Jekyll and Hyde?
separation of desires and characteristics
96
What does 'MD, DCL, LLD, FRS' stand for?
doctor of medicine doctor of civil laws doctor of laws fellow of the Royal Society
97
How do I remember 'MD, DCL, LLD, FRS'?
My Dog Does Cartwheels Lots Leigh Likes Dogs Fran Radiates Sun
98
When was the first postage stamp created?
1840
99
What was the first postage stamp?
penny black
100
When were post boxes introduced?
1852
101
What were postal deliveries like in London?
between 6 and 12 deliveries daily
102
When was the London Pneumatic Despatch company created?
1863
103
What did the London Pneumatic Despatch company do?
send mails by underground
104
What new technologies did the police use?
telegrams
105
Why were police stations strategically placed?
facilitate coordination of operations
106
Who create the police?
Robert Peel
107
Who was Robert Peel?
Home Secretary
108
What were some names for policemen?
peelers bobbies
109
When was the police created?
1822
110
How many constables were there in London?
450 constables
111
How many night watchmen were there in London?
4500 night watchmen
112
When was the Metropolitan Police Act issued?
1829
113
What did the Metropolitan Police Act issue?
full time police force for Greater London
114
What were shifts like for police?
12 hour shifts 6 days a week
115
What was a standard wage for a policemen?
1 guinea a week
116
How much area were the police responsible for?
7 mile radius excluding City of London
117
When did Thomas Edison invent lightbulb?
1879

Jekyll and Hyde (46 decks)

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