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Continental drift Flashcards

Slow movement of earths continents spreading (86 cards)

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1
Q

continental drift

A

movement of earths continents spreading apart

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2
Q

Seafloor spreading

A

Seafloor spreading apart on both sides of a mid ocean ridge

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3
Q

alfred Wegner

A

He hypothiseised that all the continents were all together at one point in time.

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4
Q

What is evidence for Alfreds therory

A

Mountain ranges lining up, Foosils, climate change

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5
Q

harry Hess

A

Since Alfred wegner could not provide an explanation for the push or pull of the continents so he came up with it

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6
Q

What is evidence for harry hess

A

drilling samples

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7
Q

J tuzo Wilson

A

Was a candian scientest that proposed the lithosphere is broken into different plates

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8
Q

What do plates float on top of

A

asthenosphere

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9
Q

Convection currents cause plates to …….

A

move

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10
Q

Were do plates meet

A

plate boundries

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11
Q

TRansform boundries

A

place where 2 plates slip past each other in oiste dirrections

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12
Q

Divergent boundries

A

2 plates move apart at a mid ocean ridge

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13
Q

Convergent boundries

A

When 2 plate go apart or converge

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14
Q

Stress

A

Force that acts upon a rock to change its shape or volume

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15
Q

Tension

A

pulls on crust stretching rock so it becomes thinne rin the middle

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16
Q

Compression

A

squeezes rock until it folds or breaks

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17
Q

Shearing

A

Pushes a mass of rock in two oppisite directions

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18
Q

Strain

A

A change in the rock caused by stress

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19
Q

Elastic strain

A

non-Permanant change in rock

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20
Q

PLastic strain

A

permanant change in rock

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21
Q

mid ocean ridge

A

tension causes oceananic crust to spread allowing hot rock from the mantle to rise

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22
Q

continental rift

A

When divergent boundries occur within a continent causing enormous splits in the crust

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23
Q

Mountain ranges

A

collision between two continental plates

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24
Q

ocean trenches

A

one plate goes under another during collision forming a deep trench where two plates meet

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25
Volcanic Arches
curved line of volcanoes that forms paralell to plate boundries
26
`transform faults
when plates slide horizontally past each other they form a fault or a break in the rock of the crust
27
fault zones
an area of many fractured peices of crust along a large fault
28
Normal fault
They form when forces pull apart
29
strike slip
2 blocks of rock slip past each other in oppiste ways
30
reverse fault
force pushes 2 blocks of rock together with the rock above moving up
31
earthquake
vibration in the ground that results from movement along faults
32
focus
point in earths surface where a rock under stress breaks
33
epicenter
point on the surface directly above the focus
34
seismic waves
waves that carry energy away from an earthquake away from the focus
35
Primary waves
compression waves that travel through solids and liquids compressing the material being passed through
36
Secondary waves
only travels through solids and move slower than p waves
37
surface waves
moves slower than p and s waves put can make severe ground movement
38
volcanoes
a weak spot in earths crust where molten material comes to the surface
39
magma
molten mixture of rock forming substances
40
Island arc
string of islands created by volcanoes where 2 oceanic plates collided and 1 sank under the other
41
hot spot
area where material from deep within the mantle rises then melts forming magma
42
volcanoe passage ways
magma chamber, pipe, vent, lava flows, crater
43
quiet eruption
when magma has low silica content, flows easily , and eurpts quietly.
44
Explosive eruption
magma has high silica content, with trapped gasses building up pressure
45
dormant volcano
not active but can become active
46
extint volcano
unlikely to erupt again
47
Sheild volcano
lava flows gradually building vide mountain
48
cinder cone volcano
tall cone shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash
49
composite volcano
tall cone shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash
50
lava plateaus
high level area that has been built up over tim by lava seeping through cracks
51
caldera
huge hole left by the collapse of volcano
52
volcanic necks
forms when magma hardens in a volcano pipe
53
dikes
forms when magma forces itself across rock layers and hardens
54
sill
forms when magma squeezes between horizantal layers of rock
55
batholiths
`mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust
56
Dome mountain
forms when a uplift pushes a batholith towards the surface
57
Geothermal activity
occurs when magma heats underground water and forms
58
Hot spring
forms when ground water is heated by magma and evantually rises to collect in a natural pool
59
Geyser
fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground when the buildup of pressure id released
60
Eco-systems
All living and non living organisms that are in one enviorment
61
Biotic factors
living things in a eco system
62
Abiotic factors
non living things in a eco system
63
producers
organisms that make there own food
64
consumers
need to consume food
65
Decomposer
They nutrients to the soil
66
Individual
form of life considerd an entity
67
population
all the individuals of the same species in the same ares
68
community
collection of all different populations in 1 area
69
biome
distinct ecological communities of plants and animals in a particular climate
70
biosphere
pert of earths crusts waters and atmishpere that supports life
71
tempurate forest
not cold or hot | has trees
72
tropical rainforest
they are located near t he equator and get a lot of rain but very humid
73
desert
lack of rain | dry soil
74
Grasslands
wide area of land filled with plants
75
tundra
Is a cold tree- less plain that is very cold
76
Aquatic
2 types: marine and freshwater marine is made up[ of salt water fresh water is ponds, lakes, streams and rivers
77
food chain
A linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy passses as 1 organisms eats another
78
food web
graph that shows all the trophic, eating related and interactions between various species in an eco-system
79
Symbiosis
A relationship between 2 or more organisms that live close together
80
commensilism
when 1 organism benifits and the other is not harmed or helped
81
mutalism
both organisms benifit
82
paratism
one is harmed and the other is helped
83
Radiation
transfer of energy trough empty space
84
conduction
heat transfer by direct contact
85
convection
heat transfer by the movement of heated fluid
86
convection currents
flow in the mantle heat source

Whopper day 3 (1 decks)

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