Continuing Psychology and Sociology. Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is Freud’s Theory of the Mind?
human behavior is influenced by unconscious memories, thoughts, and urges
What are the defense mechanisms?
ways you react to situations that bring up negative emotions (Denial, Intellectualization (avoding emotion/confrontation), displacement (taking out anger on someone)).
What is Freud’s Psychosexual Devel?
children’s pleasure-seeking urges are focused on a different area of the body, called an erogenous zone, at each of the five stages of development: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital.
What is Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences?
each person has different ways of learning and different intelligences they use in their daily lives.
What is structural functionalism?
observation on inner minds by conducting experiments in sensation, perception and attention.
What is conflict theory?
a theory that society is in a state of perpetual conflict because of competition for limited resources.
What is symbolic Interactionism?
a framework for building theories that see society as a product of everyday human interactions.
What is feminist sociology?
Social feminism is a feminist movement that advocates for social rights and special accommodations for women.
What are the agents of socialization?
An individual usually learns these aspects of culture and society social groups called agents of socialization. There are five main agents of socialization: family, education, peer groups, religious organization and mass media.
What is personality? How does it develop?
- Personality refers to the enduring characteristics and behavior that comprise a person
- based on subjective experiences and individuals’ interaction with their environment.
What is sociological gender?
- The characteristics of women, men, girls and boys that are socially constructed.
- This includes norms, behaviours and roles
What is biological sex?
usually refers to their status as female, male, or intersex.
What is gender identity?
each person’s internal and individual experience of gender. It is a person’s sense of being a woman, a man, both, neither, or anywhere along the gender spectrum.
What are gender roles?
how we’re expected to act, speak, dress, groom, and conduct ourselves based upon our assigned sex
What causes gender socialization?
family, schools, peer groups, and mass media
What are social norms?
taught to behave in a particular way in certain social situations.
Conformity?
behaviour that follows established practice.
Deviance and social control?
- Is behavior that differs from the social norms of the group and is judged as wrong by members of that group
- is defined as the methods used by society to ensure conformity to social norms
What is the Stanley Milgram Experiment?
exploring the willingness of individuals to follow the orders of authorities when those orders conflict with the individual’s own moral judgment.
What is the Phil Zimbardo experiment?
two-week simulation of a prison environment that examined the effects of situational variables on participants’ reactions and behaviors.
What is the Soloman Asch Experiment?
to test his theory that people will disregard their own perception of reality and go along with group consensus, even when the group’s answer is clearly wrong.
What classifies as certain behaviors being deviant?
It violates the rules of a group (custom, law, role, or moral code).
What are the cause of deviant behavior?
Biological Theory – believes that deviance is a result of brain functioning or genetics
Psychological Theory – believes that deviance is a result of early experiences, psychological problems and personality patterns
Sociological Theory – believe that deviance is a learned response to the environment
What are the two types of social control?
informal control (informal social control is a tool of families, friends, coworkers, and other peers) and formal control (control is used by governments, religious bodies, and other institutions)
