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Repro > Contraception > Flashcards

Contraception Flashcards

1
Q

What are some examples of LARCs (long acting reversible contraception)?

A

Implantable contraception
Injectable contraceptives
Intrauterine system (IUS) - progesterone releasing coil
Intrauterine device (IUD) - copper coil

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2
Q

What is the method of action of the COCP?

A

Inhibits ovulation

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3
Q

What is the method of action of the POP?

A

Thickens cervical mucus

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4
Q

What is the method of action of injectable contraceptives e.g., medroxyprogesterone acetate)?

A

Primarily inhibits ovulation
Also thickens cervical mucus

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5
Q

How long does the medroxyprogesterone acetate injection provide contraception for?

A

12 weeks

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6
Q

What is the mechanism of action of the implant?

A

Primary - inhibits ovulation
Also works to thicken the cervical mucus

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7
Q

How does the IUD (copper coil) work?

A

Decreases sperm motility and survival

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8
Q

How does the intrauterine system work?

A

Primarily works to prevent endometrial proliferation
Also thickens cervical mucus

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9
Q

What are the 2 methods of emergency contraception that are avaliable?

A

Emergency hormonal contraception - levonorgestrel, or ulipristal
IUD - copper coil

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10
Q

How long after unprotected sex is levonorgestrel effective?

A

72 hours

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11
Q

What is the dose of levonorgestrel?

A

Single dose is 1.5mg
This should be doubled in those with a BMI >26, or if weigh more than 70kg

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12
Q

True or False?
Hormonal contraception can be restarted straight after taking levonorgestrel as an emergency contraceptive?

A

True - hormonal contraception can be restarted immediately

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13
Q

How long after unprotected sex can ulipristal be taken as an emergency contraception?

A

120 hours

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14
Q

What is the dose of ulipristal?

A

30mg

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15
Q

True or False?
Hormonal contraception can be restarted straight after taking ulipristal as an emergency contraceptive?

A

False - ulipristal can reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraception
contraception via the patch, pill or ring can be started/restarted after 5 days. Barrier methods should be used in the meantime

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16
Q

True or False?
It is safe to breastfeed after taking emergency contraception?

A

False
It should be stopped for one week following a dose of ulipristal
It is safe to breastfeed as normal with levonorgestrel

17
Q

What is the most effective form of emergency contraception?

A

IUD

18
Q

When can an IUD as emergency contraception be used?

A

Within 5 days of unprotected sex
OR
If presents after 5 days, the IUD can be fitted up to 5 days before the likely ovulation date

19
Q

How long after giving birth would someone require contraception?

A

After 21 days

20
Q

How long after childbirth can an IUD or IUS be inserted?

A

Within 48 hours
OR
After 4 weeks

21
Q

What method of oral contraception is contraindicated in breast-feeding people?

A

COCP

22
Q

How effective is LAM (Lactational Amenorrhea Method) as a form of contraception?

A

98% effective if fully breastfeeding, ammenorheic and <6 months post-partum

23
Q

What is the advice given for 1 missed dose of the COCP?

A

Take the pill as soon as you remember then continue taking pill as normal

24
Q

What is the advice for more than 2 missed doses of the COCP?

A

Take the last pill missed, even if this means taking 2 pills in one day. Skip any earlier missed pills
Use barrier methods or abstain from sex until the COCP has been taken for 7 consecutive days

25
Q

If 2 or more pills are missed in week 1 (days 1-7) what additional advice should be given (COCP)?

A

If the patient has had unprotected sex during the pill-free interval or during week 1, consider emergency contraception

26
Q

If 2 or more pills are missed in week 3 (days 15-21) what additional advice should be given (COCP)?

A

Finish the pills in the current pack then start the next pack straight away (on day 22) omitting the pill free interval

27
Q

What is the advice regarding a late dose of traditional POP?

A

Less than 3 hours late - take the pill as normal

More than 3 hours late
- take missed pill ASAP. If more than 1 is missed, just take 1. Take the next pill at usual time (even if that means taking 2 in one day
- continue with the rest of the pack
- extra precautions should be taken until pill taking has been re-established for 48 hours

28
Q

What is the advice regarding a late dose of Cerazette (new POP)?

A

Less than 12 hours late - take the pill as normal

More than 12 hours late
- take missed pill ASAP. If more than 1 is missed, just take 1. Take the next pill at usual time (even if that means taking 2 in one day
- continue with the rest of the pack
- extra precautions should be taken until pill taking has been re-established for 48 hours

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