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OSCE/CPSA > contraception > Flashcards

contraception Flashcards

(36 cards)

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1
Q

emergency contraception methods

A
  • copper IUD - within 5 days (120 hours) of UPSI
  • Levonelle (Levonorgestrel) - within 3 days (72 hours) of UPSI
  • EllaOne (Ullipristal Acetate) - within 5 days (120 hours) of UPSI
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2
Q

types of contraception to think about using every time you have sex

A
  • condoms
  • internal (female) condoms
  • diaphragm/cap
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3
Q

which contraceptive methods protect against STIs

A
  • condoms
  • internal (female) condoms

diaphragm/cap - doesn’t protect against STIs!

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4
Q

types of contraception to take every day

A
  • COCP
  • POP (mini-pill)
  • natural family planning (fertility awareness)
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5
Q

why might someone need to take contraception

A
  • to prevent pregnancy
  • to prevent STIs
  • as treatment for conditions/symptoms

Sx: heavy bleeding, painful periods, irregular periods
conditions: endometriosis, adenomyosis, PMS

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6
Q

permanent methods of contraception

A
  • vasectomy (males)
  • sterilisation
  • hysterctomy
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7
Q

COCP

A

tablet containing synthetic versions of the hormones oestrogen and progestogen

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8
Q

POP (mini-pill)

A

tablet containing the hormone progestogen

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9
Q

IUD

copper IUD

A

inserted into the uterus, doesn’t contain hormones, can be used as emergency contraception
* copper is toxic to sperm
* coil also causes inflammation in the uterus which can prevent implantation
* can’t be used in wilson’s disease (copper accumulation condition)

aka intrauterine device/copper coil

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10
Q

what are the LARCs

contraceptive methods that last months/yrs

Long Acting Reversible Contraception

A
  • contraceptive IMPLANT
  • contraceptive INJECTION
  • contraceptive PATCH
  • IUS
  • IUD
  • vaginal RING
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11
Q

combined hormonal contraceptive methods

A
  • COCP
  • vaginal RING
  • contraceptive PATCH
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12
Q

progesterone only contraceptive methods

A

POP + Is
* POP
* IUS
* contraceptive IMPLANT
* contraceptive INJECTION

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13
Q

IUS

A

coil inserted into the uterus that releases the hormone progestogen

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14
Q

contraceptive INJECTION

A

IM injection containing progestogen

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15
Q

contraceptive IMPLANT

A

small rod placed under the skin of the arm which releases progestogen

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16
Q

contraceptive PATCH

Study These Flashcards
A

sticky patch worn on skin which releases oestrogen and progestogen

17
Q

vaginal ring

Study These Flashcards
A

soft flexible ring that can be inserted into vagina and releases oestrogen and progestogen

18
Q

natural family planning

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A

intercourse is timed to coincide with the lowest probability of ovulation - determined by monitoring **body temperature and cervical mucus **

19
Q

how long can the copper coil last

20
Q

how long can the IUS last

21
Q

how long can the contraceptive implant last

22
Q

how often does the contraceptive INJECTION need to be given

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A

every 3 months

23
Q

COCP - MOA

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A

main MOA: inhibiting ovulation (negative feedback on FSH and LH)
progestogen in the COCP: thickens cervical mucus + thins endometrial lining

Oestrogen and progesterone have a negative feedback effect on the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary, suppressing the release of GnRH, LH and FSH. Without the effects of LH and FSH, ovulation does not occur. Pregnancy cannot happen without ovulation.

24
Q

how long does it take for fertility to return to normal once you stop taking COCP

25
other uses of COCP | what conditions can it be used to treat
* PCOS * acne * dysmenorrhoea (painful periods) * menorrhagia (heavy periods) * endometriosis * PMS
26
what advice should you give for contraceptive methods that don't protect against STIs
This method does not stop you getting and passing on STIs. Use a condom every time you have sex to protect you and your partner against STIs, including HIV.
27
who might the COCP not be suitable for (contraindications)
* > 35 y/o and smoking > 15 cigarrettes per day * migraines with aura (risk of stroke) * obesity - if BMI > 35 * previous Hx or FHx of VTE (aged under 45) * uncontrolled HTN (particularly ≥160 / ≥100) * diabetes with complications/ have had diabetes for over 20 years * breastfeeding and < 6 weeks postpartum * Hx of breast Ca or liver Ca/cirrhosis * gallbladder/bile duct problems
28
what medications may make COCP less effective
* Abx: Rifampicin (TB) * drugs for epilepsy * drugs for HIV
29
COCP: What are the rules if If you have just had a baby and are not breastfeeding
Can start COCP 21 days after birth but need to use additional contraception for first 7 days after you start taking it
30
COCP: What are the rules if If you have just had a baby and ARE breastfeeding
You need to wait for 6 weeks after giving birth to start taking the COCP, until then you need to use other contraception and then once you start taking it also use additional contraception for the first 7 days ## Footnote COCP can interfere with milk production which is why you have to wait a bit longer
31
COCP: rules for starting following a miscarriage/abortion that happens before 24 weeks
* can start taking pill straight away - if you take within 5 days of miscarriage/abortion - no additional contraception needed * if you start more than 5 days following miscarriage/abortion, you need to take additional contraception such as condoms until you've taken the pill for 7 days
32
COCP: rules for starting following a miscarriage that happens after 24 weeks
Can start the pill 21 days following the miscarriage and use additional contraception for the first 7 days | essentially similar to a woman who's given birth and not breastfeeding
33
COCP: side effects
* headaches * breakthrough bleeding (in b/w periods as body gets used to hormone changes, should resolve in 3 months) * breast tenderness * increase in BP * mood swings * nausea ## Footnote If these side effects do not go away after a few months, it may help to change to a different pill.
34
Risks associated with COCP
Increased risk of: * blood clots - PE, DVT (in leg/lung), heart attack, stroke * cancer: BREAST, CERVICAL ## Footnote But your risk of breast cancer and cervical cancer goes back to normal 10 years after you stop taking the pill.
35
COCP: which cancers can it lower the risk of
* endometrial * ovarian * womb (uterine)
36
first section to cover in a contraception counselling station
'Im going to ask you a few questions about your health and relationships if that's ok' * age * relationships (multiple partners/regular partner) * are they sexually active * menstrual history

OSCE/CPSA (1 decks)

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