Contraception Flashcards
(35 cards)
What are the three main groups of contraception?
Barrier methods, Daily methods and Long acting methods of reversible contraception (LARCs)
What are the two main oral contraceptives?
Combined oral contraceptive pill and progesterone only pill
What are the four main long acting reversible contraceptives?
implantable contraceptives, injectable contraceptives, IUS IUD.
What is the main mode of action for the combined oral contraceptive?
Inhibits ovulation
What is the main mode of action for the progesterone only pill?
Thickening of cervical mucus
What is the main and secondary mode of action of the injectable contraceptive?
Primary: Inhibition of ovulation, Secondary thickens cervical mucus
What is the main and secondary of action of the implantable contraceptive?
Primary: Inhibition of ovulation, Secondary thickens cervical mucus
What is the mode of action of the inrauterine device?
Decreases sperm motility and survival
What is the main and secondary mode of action of the intrauterine system?
Primary prevents endometrial proliferation, Secondary thickens cervical mucus
What are the three main methods of emergency contraception?
Levonorgestrel, Ulipristal and IUD
What are the primary modes of action of the IUD in emergency contraception?
Toxic to sperm and ovum and inhibits implantation
What is the main mode of action of levonorgestrel in emergency contraception?
Inhibition of ovulation
What is the main mode of action of Ulipristal in emergency contraception?
Inhibition of ovulation
Aside from it’s use as a reversible contraceptive what other advantages come with the use of the combined oral contraceptive pill?
Usually makes periods regular, lighter and less painful, it may also protect against PID, reduce risk of ovarian, endometrial and colorectal cancer and reduced ovarian cysts, benign breast disease and acne vulgaris
What are the health risks that come with the combined
oral contraceptive?
Increased risk of venous thromboembolic disease, breast and cervical cancer, stroke and ischaemic heart disease.
What are the common side effects with the combined oral contraceptive pill?
nausea, headache and breast tenderness.
How long is the window in which levonorgestrel is useful as emergency contraception?
72 hours after unprotected sexual intercourse
How is vomiting relevant to the use of levonorgestrel as emergency contraception?
If it occurs with 2 hours a repeat dose is required
What is the window in which Ulipristal is useful as emergency contraception?
120 hours
What counselling regarding contraception should be given when prescribing Ulipristal as emergency contraception?
Ulipristal reduces the efficacy of hormonal contraception. Barrier methods should be used for five days after this other methods should be restarted.
What form of contraception is contraindicated in those with a migraine with aura and why?
Combined oral contraceptive as the risk of stroke is increased.
When is it safe to assume contraception is no longer needed?
12 months after the last period in someone over 50. 24 months after the last period in someone under 50
What are the five criteria of the Fraser Guidelines? In order for a child under the age of 16 to receive contraceptive guidance.
1) They must understand the doctor’s advice.
2) That they cannot convince the patient to inform their parents of their decision to seek contraception.
3) That they are likely to continue having sexual intercourse with or without contraception.
4) That unless they receive contraceptive advice their health is likely to suffer
5) That it is in the patient’s best interests to give contraceptive advice with or without parental consent
Under what age should sexual activity be typically reported regardless.
13
