Contrast Studies Flashcards
(94 cards)
1
Q
Are the three structures that start digestion?
A
1) teeth
2) tongue
3) salivary glands
2
Q
Where is the parotid gland found?
A
Infront of he ear
3
Q
Where is the submandibular or submaxillary glands found?
A
Below jaw
4
Q
Where is the sublingual glands found?
A
Floor of the mouth
5
Q
How long is the pharynx and esophagus ?
A
10in esophagus
6
Q
What does the oropharynx do?
A
Conveys food to the esophagus and air to the larynx
7
Q
What does the nasopharynx do?
A
Closest during swallowing to prevent food from going into the nose
8
Q
Is the epiglottis do?
A
Prevents food from entering the trachea
9
Q
How long is the esophagus and what does it do?
A
10in long
Passes via peristalsis and salads via gravity
10
Q
Where does the esophagus start and end?
A
Pharynx to the stomach
11
Q
Where is the cardiac sphincter located in the stomach?
A
At the opening between the esophagus and stomach
12
Q
What is the purpose of the cardiac sphincter?
A
Regurgitates food back up the esophagus
13
Q
Where is the pyloric sphincter found in the stomach?
A
Sitting between the stomach and the small intestine
14
Q
What is Rugae?
A
Folds in the stomach
15
Q
Pylorus is what part of the stomach?
A
Distal
16
Q
What part of the body is the stomach?
A
Mid section of stomach
17
Q
Which part of the stomach is the fundus?
A
Superior portion of stomach
18
Q
Which part of the stomach is the cardia?
A
Surrounds the cardiac sphincter (opening)
19
Q
The stomach up here in a hypersthenic person?
A
Sits horizontal, midway, higher in stomach and starts in the LUQ to RUQ
20
Q
How does the stomach appear in a asthenic person?
A
Vertical and lower in abdomen in the pelvis area
21
Q
How long is the small intestine?
A
22-28 ft in length
22
Q
How many portions of the small intestine divided into?
A
3
23
Q
What is the function of the small intestine?
A
Where the majority of digestion takes place
24
Q
What are the three portions of the small intestine are divided into?
A
1) duodenum
2) jujunum
3) ileum
25
What in the small intestine is “C”shaped, is 8-10 inches in length where all the digestive juices dump into?
Duodenum
26
What in the small intestine is 2/5, 8 feet in length is in the upper portion of the intestine?
Jejunum
27
Which part of the small intestine is the lower 3/5. and that is 15in in length and where crones disease typically occurs?
Ileum
28
What is the function of the large intestine?
Waste removal and absorption of water
29
The large intestine is how long?
5-8 ft in length and takes up all 4 quadrants
30
Haustra is what?
Pouches in lg intestine
31
What are the 3 subdivisions at the large intestine that are broken down into?
Cecum
Colon
Rectum
32
Where does ileum and large intestine meet?
At the cecum
33
What is situated at the junction of the cecum and illeum?
Illeocecal valve
34
The colon is divided into what 4 subdivisions?
1) ascending colon
2) transverse colon
3) descending colon
3) sigmoid colon
35
Which colon Passes inferiorly from left colic flexure to sigmoid colon?
Descending colon
36
Which colon is horizontally portion extending from the right colic flexure to left colic flexure
Transverse Colon
37
What is the very end portion of the large intestine that is 6 inches in length?
Rectum
38
Part of the rectum is a lower 1 1/2 inches and is controlled by sphincters
Anal canal
39
What are the accessory organs of digestion?
1) pancreas
2) liver
3) gall bladder
40
Which accessory organs of digestion crates enzymes and insulin?
Pancreas
41
It is part of the pancreas that secretes insulin?
Islets of langerhans
42
Accessory Organ is located behind the stomach and the retroperitoneum?
Pancreas
43
Which accessory organs filter blood and produces bile (located in the RUQ)
Liver
44
Which accessory Oregon has 2 major lobes and is the largest solid organ in the body?
Liver
45
Which hollow accessory Organ you can live without and it’s stores bile that lies underneath the liver?
Gallbladder
46
What duct does the gallbladder empty into?
Cystic duct
47
What passageways will bile travel through the gallbladder to the deuodbum?
1) Cystic duct
2) Common bile duct
3) Sphincter of oddi
48
What are the functions of the digestive system?
1) To physicallh and chemically break down food
2) Get rid of wastes
3) Absorb nutrients
49
What are the three basic compounds of food?
1) proteins
2) carbs
3) fats
50
Which body habituate type is the stomach almost horizontal and high in abdomen?
Hypersthenic
51
Which area is the most superior part of stomach
Fundus
52
Which is most inferior part of stomach
Pylorus
53
Distal esophagus empties into the contents into what?
Cardiac antrum
54
Which opening is located between the stomach and small intestine
Pyloric orifice
55
Which opening is the distal end of the small intestine
Illeocecal orifice
56
Which structure is the proximal part is the small intestine
Duodenum
57
Which structure is the distal part of the small intestine
Illeum
58
In which abdominal region does the large intestine originate
Right iliac
59
Which structure is the proximal part of the large intestine?
Cecum
60
Which part of the large intestine is located between the ascending and descending parts of colon
Transverse colon
61
Which structures located between the a sending and the transverse colon
Great colic flexure
62
Where is allergic to stand in the left colic flecture located
Between the transverse colon and the descending colon
63
Which structure is the pouch like part of the large intestine situated below the junction of the ileum and the colon?
Cecum
64
Where is the larger Justin is the sigmoid located?
Between the descending colon and the rectum
65
How long does it usually take the first part of the barium meal to reach the ileocecal valve?
2-3 hours
66
Approximately how long does it usually take a barium able to reach the rectUm?
24 hours
67
Which do you imaging modalities are most commonly used to see him at the alementary canal after the introduction of a barium product?
Fluoroscopy and radiology
68
Which type of contrast media is most commonly used for examining the upper G.I. tract?
Barium sulfate suspension
69
To demonstrates swallowing function at best and which position to the patient be a place to begin the fluoroscopic phase of a single contrast examinations of the esophagus
Upright
70
Which 2 recumbent oblique positions can be used to demonstrate best and unobstructed image of a barium filled esophagus between the vertebrae in the heart
RAO and LPO
71
Which of the following is a major advantage of double contrast UGI examination over single contrast UGI examination?
Small lesions on the mucosal lining are better demonstrated
72
Or the PA projection as part of the upper G.I. examination why should the lower lung fields be included on these 14 x 17” image receptor
To demonstrate a possible hiatal hernia ( Makes diaphragm higher )
73
For the double contrast UGI examination which projection from uses the best image of a gas filled duodenum bulb and pyloric canal?
AP oblique, recumbent LPO
74
For the single contrast UGI examination with the patient recumbent, which projection produces the best image of a barium filled pyloric canal and duodenal bulb called in patient who is habitus approximates the sthenic type
PA oblique,RAO position
75
Which breathing procedure sure the patient perform when UGI images are exposed
Suspended expiration
76
For the double contrast UGI examination with the patient recumbent which projection produces the best image of a gas filled fundus
PA oblique, RAO position
77
For the UGI examination with the patient recumbent which projection best demonstrates the right retro gastric space
Right lateral projection
78
To which level of the patient should the central rat be directed for the PA oblique projection, RAO position, as part of the UGI examination
L1-L2
79
Which examination of the alimentary canal requires that a series of images were taken at specific time intervals after the ingestion of the contrast medium?
Small vowel series
80
For a small bowel series of a patient with hypomotility of the small intestine which procedure should be performed to accelerate peristalsis
Instructed patient to drink a glass of ice water
81
What is the proper sequence for filling the large intestine with Mariam when performing a barium enema
Rectum, sigmoid, descending colon, transverse colon, ascending colon
82
Which instructions should be giving to the patient if camping is experienced during feeling of the large intestine for a barium enema
Concentrate on deep oral breathing
83
Before the enamaa tip is inserted during a barium enema why should a small amount of barium sulfate make sure be allowed to run into a waste basin
To remove air from the tube
84
Which procedure should be accomplished when inserting the enema tip for a barium enema
Ensure that the tip is inserted me more than 3 1/2 to 4 inches
85
Which structures of the large intestine are of primary interest with AP axial or PA axial projections during a barium enema
Sigmoid and rectum
86
How many degrees in which direction should the central rag be directed for the PA axial projection during a barium enema
30-40 degrees caudal (feet)
87
Which structure of the large intestine is of primary interest for the PAO Oblique, RAO projection during a BE examination
Right colic flexure
88
Which barium enema projection does not require Colic flexures to be included in the image
Lateral
89
Which barium enema projection requires that a 10 x 12” image receptor be placed in lengthwise and centered to the level of the anterior superior iliac spine ;ASIS)
Lateral
90
For the right lateral to decubitus position as part of a barium enema which procedure should be done to ensure that the ascending colon is demonstrated in the image
Elevate the patient on the radiolucent support
91
Which 2 oblique projections can be performed to demo the left colic flexure during a BE?
PA oblique, LAO position... AP oblique, LPO position
92
For the PA projection during a BE, what is the advantage of placing the x-Ray table and patient slight Trendelenburg position?
Help separate overlapping loops of distal bowel
93
What demonstrates the left colic flexure and the descending colon
LAO and RPO
94
What demonstrates the right colic flexure snd the ascending colon
RAO and LPO
